O THE CALIFORNIA SPECIES OF MEALY BUGS 



rather restricted localities, thus making it a comparatively simple matter 

 to procure topotypic material. 



While it has therefore been convenient to treat of the California 

 species as a separate group, the disadvantages of so doing have been fully 

 realized. The range of most of our species is by no means so restricted 

 as would appear from the published records and it is highly probable that 

 at least a part of the species herein recorded as known only from Cali- 

 fornia occur in the eastern states as well. In fact it is definitely estab- 

 lished that at least three species have been described under different 

 names from California and from the eastern or central states and it is 

 almost certain that the same thing is true of some others. For the sake 

 of stability in nomenclature it is highly desirable that the mealy-bug 

 fauna of the entire continent be treated as a unit, but it has not seemed 

 wise to wait until this can be done. A beginning must be made some 

 place. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND MATERIAL 



Acknowledgments are due first of all to Mr. E. O. Essig of the 

 University of California, who has most kindly placed his entire collection, 

 including types, at my disposal with the fullest permission to remount 

 any of the specimens as I saw fit. Without this assistance it would lit- 

 erally have been impossible to proceed. Scarcely less am I indebted to 

 Mr. E. M. Ehrhorn of Honolulu, who has made numerous comparisons 

 of specimens with types in his collection and who has lent material of 

 critical importance. Mr. C. P. Claussen, of the California State Board 

 of Horticulture, has also lent types of manuscript species in his collec- 

 tion and has assisted in procuring other material. Mr. A. F. Swain of 

 the Citrus Experiment Station at Riverside, Mr. S. P. McClenahan of 

 Palo Alto and Professor R. W. Doane of Stanford University have aided 

 in the procuring of several species which could not otherwise have been 

 obtained. Mr. Harold Morrison of the Bureau of Entomology has ren- 

 dered invaluable aid by comparing specimens with types in the National 

 Collection of Coccidae at Washington and by notes which he has gen- 

 erously furnished. Mr. E. E. Green has supplied me with material of 

 several genera and species having a bearing upon the general problems 

 connected with this group. To all these gentlemen are due the fullest 

 thanks for their assistance. 



With the material obtained from the above sources, together with 

 that in the Stanford collection when I began work and with that procured 

 by my own efforts, I have been enabled to examine types, topotypes or 

 other authentic material of nearly all the species recorded from the state. 

 Two species have escaped me entirely, and of a few I have not been able 



