SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT 49 



have also examined the types of P. obscurus Essig and P. bakeri Essig, and can 

 find no basis upon which to separate them from maritimus. This conclusion is 

 supported by the fact that specimens taken from the type host and forwarded to 

 Mr. C. P. Claussen were by him reared on green lemons. He informs me that he 

 could not distinguish these, from ordinary P. bakeri. 



Mr. Claussen has proposed to separate the species occurring on grape at 

 Fresno, being moved to this action chiefly by the behavior of certain parasites. In 

 this I cannot concur. 



It is unfortunate that a name so familiar as is P. bakeri should be replaced 

 by one which has appeared but once in our literature, but there is no alternative. 

 Even yet it is by no means certain that this name will stand, as the occurrence of 

 the species in the Eastern states suggests the possibility that it has been described 

 under some other name there. In fact I am inclined to suspect that the species which 

 has passed as the "summer form" of P. trifolii Forbes may be identical with this. 



I have received specimens of P. omniverae Hollinger through the kindness 

 of Mr. Hollinger, and although the specimens are not strictly comparable due to 

 differences in treatment, I regard this also as a synonym of P. maritimus. 



Pseudococcus nipae (Maskell). 

 Plate 2, fig. 12. 



1892. Dactylopius nipae Maskell, New Zealand Trans. 25:232. 

 1897. Dactylopius pseudonipae Cockerell, Science Gossip, N. S., 3:189, 302. 

 1908. Pseudococcus nipae (Maskell); Marchal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (8), 8:236-39, 

 figs. 7-8. 



1914. Pseudococcus pseudonipae (Ckll.) ; Essig, Mon. Bull. Calif. State Com. 



Hort. 3:120-1, fig. 34. 



1915. Pseudococcus pseudonipae (Ckll.) ; Essig, Inj. & Benef. Ins. Calif. 2d ed., 



132. 

 1917. Pseudococcus nipae (Maskell); Green, Ent. Mon. Mag. 53:262-63, fig. 1. 



In life. Covered with yellowish secretion arranged in conical humps. 

 Divested of secretion the body is of an amber or orange-yellow color. 



Morphological characteristics. The number of pairs of cerarii is 

 somewhat difficult to determine, but there appear to be from 12 to 15 in 

 all of which the cerarian spines are stout and conical In all except the 

 anal lobe pair the cerarian spines are very widely separated and are rec- 

 ognizable only by their paired character, being unaccompanied by either 

 grouped pores or auxiliary setae. In the anal lobe cerarii the cerarian 

 spines are close together and are accompanied by two or three slender 

 setae and a few grouped pores. Anal lobes quite prominent and with a 

 small chitinized area on the ventral side extending in from the base of 

 the anal lobe seta. Dorsal body setae few, rather small, stout, conical. 

 Tubular ducts few, small without raised rim about the mouth. There 

 appear to be no definite structures corresponding to the lumps of wax. 

 Anal lobe setae somewhat shorter than the anal ring setae. Antennae 

 normally 7-segmented. Legs rather short and stout. 



