SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT 75 



same grass growing in the chaparral on Jasper Ridge near Stanford Uni- 

 versity. 



Authentication. Co type examined. 



Notes: This species might very readily be confused with an apparently un- 

 described species (belonging to an unnamed genus) which I have taken from the 

 roots of grass at Pacific Grove. The unnamed species, however, does not belong 

 to this group and can readily be distinguished by the absence of triangular pores, 

 the non-Pseudococcine ducts and the absence of dorsal ostioles. 



Genus ERIUM Maskell. 



Pseudococcine forms with cerarii on the anal lobes only, without mar- 

 ginal paired spines of any character. Dorsum beset with stout, spear- 

 head-shaped spines, especially on the abdomen, without multilocular 

 pores. Antennae of the adult female 7-segmented. Legs short and stout. 

 Body more or less globular. Derm of the adult female blue-green. Adult 

 female partially or entirely enclosed in a felted sac. 



Type of the genus, Erium globosum (Maskell). 



Notes : I have before me specimens of the type species from Australia, de- 

 termined by Froggat, and this is certainly congeneric with our E. lichtensioides. 

 In fact the two species are so much alike it is even difficult to separate them spe- 

 cifically. The genus has usually been based upon the fact that the adult female 

 is entirely enclosed in a waxy sac, but this character is misleading. One species, 

 Pseudococcus eriogoni (Ehrh.), which has been referred to Erium on this basis, 

 certainly has nothing to do with it and possibly some of the others have also been 

 wrongly placed. On the other hand, some species now referred to Pseudococcus 

 appear to belong to Erium, among these being P. ledi Ckll. and P. hymenocleae 

 (Ckll.). It is possible that Pseudococcus ephedrae (Coq.) likewise belongs here. 



Erium lichtensioides (Ckll.). 

 Plate 3, fig. 25. 



1891. Dactylopius lichtensioides Cockerell, Science Gossip, n. d., 3:199. 



1901. Eriococcus artemisiae Kuwana, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (3), 3:399, figs. 



1902. Erium lichtensioides (Ckll.); Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, (7), 10:466. 

 1906. Eriococcus artemisiae var. catalinae Ehrhorn, Can. Ent. 38:332. 



1910. Pseudococcus artemisiae Essig, Pomona Col. Jn. Ent. 1 :42. 

 1914. Pseudococcus hymenocleae (Ckll.) ; Essig, Mon. Bull. Calif. State Com. 

 Hort. 3:118. (Misidentification?) 



In life. In the earlier stages more or less covered with white secre- 

 tion, later becoming entirely enclosed in a tough felted white sac which 

 frequently is open along the dorsum. Insect black. 



Morphological characteristics. Antennae 7-segmented, quite short. 

 Derm of a blue-green color before staining. Cerarii present only on the 

 anal lobes, containing as many as 10 "spear-head-shaped" spines, a few 



