Science and Industry 



unreliable psychic force in the orderly progressive 

 working of the new industry. A development and 

 fostering of the corporate spirit is needed to impart 

 humanity into industry, and to restore that power 

 of fellowship, which, present in the more primitive 

 industries of the family, the village and the early 

 city, has been lost in the transition period through 

 which we have been passing. Not merely upon 

 ethical or civic considerations, but upon economic, 

 it is desirable to combine with the appeal to in- 

 dividual gain a wider appeal to the social nature. 

 If all industry is in its actual concrete operation 

 and its uses social, the energy which proceeds 

 from individual producers serving general human 

 ends, some direct conscious understanding of 

 and sympathy with this social process must form 

 an element in true psychical economy. As in 

 olden days, guild-workers assuredly worked better 

 because of the conscious fellowship, so in the 

 larger and more complex industrial society of 

 to-day, some growing sense of the social nature 

 of work will help to draw out from the nature 

 of the individual worker the better qualities of 

 social service. This rationalisation and humanisa- 

 tion of industry should be the supreme work of 

 the applied science of social economics. A wide 

 field of observation and experiment in the stimu- 

 lation of human motives is already open ; the 

 great expansion of public industrial enterprise in 

 many departments of state or municipal pro- 

 ducts, the productive and distributive co-operative 

 movements in Great Britain and the continent of 



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