xii CONTENTS 



PAGE 



11. THE LIVER: Position, Form, Size Functions of the Liver 



Functions of the Bile 98 



12. ABSORPTION FROM THE ALIMENTARY CANAL : Necessity for 



Absorption The Principles of Osmosis Law of Osmosis 

 Application of the Principles of Osmosis to Absorption 



Absorption in Mouth, Throat, and Gullet Absorption 

 in the Stomach Absorption in the Small Intestine Ab- 

 sorption in the Large Intestine 101 



13. SYNOPSIS OF DIGESTION 105 



14. THE HYGIENE OF DIGESTION : Importance of Subject 



Hygienic Habits of Eating Care of the Teeth Adapta- 

 tion of Foods to Individual Needs Prevention of Consti- 

 pation The Use of Patent Medicines Effects of Alcoholic 

 Drinks on the Organs of Digestion 106 



15. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIGESTION : A Study of Teeth 



The Tongue in Other Animals The Alimentary Canal 

 of the Earthworm The Alimentary Canal of the Frog 

 The Alimentary Canal of the Pigeon The Alimentary 

 Canal of the Sheep Comparison of the Digestive Organs 

 Studied . . .109 



CHAPTER VII 

 A STUDY OF THE BLOOD 



1. USES OF THE BLOOD : Nutrition in the Amoeba Nutrition 



in Man Uses of the Blood 117 



2. A STUDY OF BEEF-BLOOD: Preparation Blood Clot Blood 



Serum Cause of Coagulation Blood Fibrin Defibri- 

 nated Blood Difference between Blood Plasma and Blood 

 Serum Composition of Blood Serum Change in Blood 

 on mixing with Oxygen . . . . . . .118 



3. HUMAN BLOOD: Application of the Study of Beef-blood 



Red Blood Corpuscles White Corpuscles Amount of 

 Blood in the Body .121 



4. THE HYGIENE OF THE BLOOD : Conditions affecting the Red 



Corpuscles Conditions affecting the Serum . . . 123 



5. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BLOOD : Animals without Blood 



Color of the Blood Temperature of the Blood White 

 Corpuscles Red Corpuscles 125 



6. SUMMARY : Chemical Composition of Blood .... 127 



