APPENDIX. 155 



and, although these voyages cost them five years of 

 fatigue and danger, nevertheless the thirst for gold 

 and luxury of Rome had multiplied to the last de- 

 gree the vessels engaged in this trade. We must 

 believe, then, that the lemon and orange did not 

 exist in all that part of the country this side of the 

 Indus, and perhaps not even in all the part lying 

 between that river and the Ganges ; otherwise these 

 fruits would have been extolled by the Roman 

 merchants, where the citron was so much valued ; 

 and we should find at least some mention made of 

 them in narratives and voyages descended to us 

 from those ancient times. If we consult the de- 

 scription of the coasts of India, from the river In- 

 dus to the Euphrates, which we have in the voyage 

 of Nearchus, one of Alexander's captains ; that of 

 the Troglodytes, and coasts of the Indian Sea, by 

 Arianus, the voyage of lambolus, reported by Dio- 

 dorus of Sicily, where he gives a description of an 

 isle of the Indian Sea unknown before him, where 

 he had been thrown by a storm ; or, finally, the 

 Indian voyage of Pliny we find not the least in- 

 dication of either orange, or even citron ; yet 

 Nearchus carefully notes the plants found in his 

 course, and speaks of palms, myrtles, and vines ; of 

 wheat, and generally of all the trees of Asia except 

 the olive. Arianus enlarges upon the vegetable 

 productions of those districts, giving the descriptions 

 of those found in public roads. 



lambolus saw in the unknown island, which ap- 



