APPENDIX. 169 



a number of varieties cultivated in his time in Egypt 

 a circumstance showing that these trees had 

 greatly multiplied. Their progress was slower in 

 Italy and France. It appears that the lemon tree, 

 brought first into these parts as a variety of citron, 

 was for a long time designated by European writers 

 under the generic name of citrus, although in Italy 

 and the South of France the people had known it 

 from the beginning under the proper name of limon 

 a name which has come down to us without sub- 

 mitting to any change. In fact, we find it in botan- 

 ical works called citrus limon, or mala limonia, and 

 sometimes citrus medica. The last was indefinitely 

 used to designate lemon, citron, and orange, and 

 very often the genus citrus. 



The orange appeared in Italy under the name of 

 orenges, which the people modified, according to 

 the pronunciations of the different sections, into 

 arangio, naranzo, aranza, aranzo, citrone, cetrangolo, 

 melarancio, melangolo, arancio. One meets succes- 

 sively all these names in works of the thirteenth, 

 fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, such as those of 

 Hugo Falcandus, Nicolas Specialis, Blondus Flavius, 

 Sir Brunetto Latini, Ciriffo Calvaneo, Bencivenni, 

 Boccaccio, Giustiniani, Leandro Alberti, and several 

 others. The Provenals also received this tree un- 

 der the name of orenges, and have changed it from 

 time to time, in different provinces, into arrangi, 

 arrange, orenge, and finally orange. (See Glossary of 

 the Roman Language, by Roquefort.) 



