THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 243 



to it, often results in convulsions and -other like symptoms, 

 together with an irritability and weakened condition of the 

 heart, known to physicians as the " tobacco-heart." 



69. Effects on the Young. Of the pernicious influence of 

 the use of tobacco upon the young, the testimony of the Naval 

 and Military Academies of the country is very decided. It 

 has at times been allowed in both institutions, but at present 

 it is forbidden, on the ground that its use is attended with 

 serious damage to health. It is stated that its prohibition 

 at the Naval Academy in 1881 was received with unanimous 

 approval by the officers in charge, and with " great joy by 

 many of the cadets." Tremor of the muscles, caused by smok- 

 ing, was very noticeable in the drawings that form so impor- 

 tant a part of the cadets' work. A teacher of drawing of 

 fourteen years' experience has said that he can always tell 

 from the character of the lines in the drawings, whether or not 

 the pupils use tobacco.* Its avoidance has resulted in the 

 reduced number of minor ailments that swelled the sick-list in 

 years when its use was unrestricted. Athletes and other per- 

 sons who engage in running matches and the like, are com- 

 monly not allowed to use either alcohol or tobacco while they 

 are " in training ; " their use interferes with the fullest devel- 

 opment of muscular strength. (Eead Note 19.) 



* " Prof. Mantegazza, of Florence, Italy, a distinguished sanitarian 

 and physician, testifies that ' Tobacco is never necessary ; it is always 

 hurtful to boys and young men, to weak people, and those disposed to 

 consumption. * * * * All good citizens should try to put a stop to the 

 general invasion of tobacco, which threatens to involve the whole of 

 Europe in a dense cloud of smoke, which poisons even those who do not 

 smoke.' " 



19. " The end of all science is to secure long life and good health to 

 the individual and the race, and it ought to be a part of the rational 

 creed of every good man and woman to abjure the use of tobacco, and 

 keep others from falling into the vice." Dr. C. E. Drysdale. 



" Of tobacco, Franklin said that he could not think it had ever done 

 much good in the world, since he never knew a person who used it 

 habitually who would recommend another to do the same." 



" Tobacco is certainly not a food for man, nor has it much value as a 



69. Give the effects of tobacco upon the young ? 



