318 



THE VOICE 



that another set of sounds produce arranged in different positions and at 

 different distances. 



" Sounds from a distance are of course weakened, and they also have 

 another quality which may be compared to the indistinctness of outline 

 in objects seen at a distance. In proportion as the fine ear of the ven- 

 triloquist can appreciate these modifications will be his success in imitating 

 distant sounds. For as to see correctly is the first essential to success in 

 drawing, so is hearing correctly the first essential in ventriloquism. 



" There are many sounds which cannot be imitated by voice merely, 

 such as the singing of birds, the strident noise of a saw, the whistling of 

 a plane, etc. Such and similar unmusical sounds are imitated by means 

 of the teeth, the lips, or the soft parts of the mouth. Thus, the noise of 

 a saw is like that produced by hawking, only much prolonged, and modi- 

 fied by the cheeks ; singing of birds may be imitated by whistling through 

 the teeth ; the foaming of soda-water by breathing with open lips into a 

 tumbler, etc. To persons having a fine ear this amusing art is not difficult, 

 but we object to the name applied to it. It ought to be called sound- 

 painting.' 1 ' 1 



LARYNX . 



Thyroid 

 Cricoid . 



Arytenoid 



Glottis . 



Epiglottis 



Vocal cords 



TOPICAL OUTLINE 



( The upper cartilage. 

 ( Wide in front ; open behind. 

 j A complete ring of cartilage. 

 Wide behind ; narrow in front. 



(Small pyramidal. 

 Surmount the upper posterior edge of th 

 cricoid. 

 Jointed with the cricoid. 

 \ The communication between the pharynx and 



"j the larynx. 



( Bounded on each side by the vocal cords. 

 ( A thin movable layer of cartilage. 



\ Closes the glottis during the act of swal- 



lowing. 



Bands of elastic fibres. 

 Embedded in mucous membrane. 

 Relaxed during quiet breathing. 

 Stretched during speaking and singing. 

 Attached to arytenoid cartilages behind, and 

 { to the thyroid in front. 



QUESTIONS FOR TOPICAL REVIEW 



1. What distinction is made between speech and voice ? .......... . ---- 808 



2. What is said of each? ........................................... 308, 309 



3. What does speech usually indicate ? ............................... 309 



4. How is speech related to hearing ? ................................. 309 



