FIRST HELP IN ACCIDENTS 337 



9th. B,ub the body briskly until it is dry and warm, then 

 dash cold water upon it, and repeat the rubbing. 



Avoid the immediate removal of the patient, as it involves a 

 dangerous loss of time; also, the use of bellows, or any forcing 

 instrument ; also, the warm bath, and all rough treatment. 



14. Poisons and their Antidotes. Accidents from poisoning 

 are of such frequent occurrence, that every one should be able 

 to administer the more common antidotes, until the services of 

 a physician can be obtained. As many poisons bear a close 

 resemblance to articles in common use, 110 dangerous substance 

 should be brought into the household without having the word 

 poison plainly written or printed on the label ; and any pack- 

 age, box, or vial, without a label, should be at once destroyed, 

 if the contents are not positively known. 



When a healthy person is taken severely and suddenly ill 

 soon after some substance has been swallowed, we may suspect 

 that he has been poisoned. In all cases where poison has been 

 taken into the stomach, it should be quickly and thoroughly 

 expelled by some active emetic, which can be speedily ob- 

 tained. This may be accomplished by drinking a tumblerful 

 of warm water, containing either a tablespoonful of powdered 

 mustard or of common salt, or two teaspoonfuls of powdered 

 alum in two tablespoonfuls of syrup. When vomiting has 

 already taken place, it should be continued by copious draughts 

 of . warm water or mucilaginous drinks, such as gum-water 'or 

 flaxseed tea, and tickling the throat with the finger until there 

 is reason to believe that all the poisonous substance has been 

 expelled from the stomach. 



The following list embraces only the more common poisons, 

 together with such antidotes as are usually at hand, to be used 

 until the physician arrives : 



Acids. Hydrochloric acid ; muriatic acid (spirits of salt) ; 

 nitric acid (aqua fortis) ; sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol). 



ANTIDOTE. An antidote should be' given at once to neutral- 

 ize the acid. Strong soapsuds is an efficient remedy, and can 

 always be obtained. It should be followed by copious draughts 



Give class, character, and antidote of each poison mentioned above. 

 T 



