32 ' MADIA* fo /,/>//,'' ASSOCIATION 



grew, and it grew right on, among, and in the original stumps, which have gradually 

 disappeared, and which were forty and fifty years old. I am glad to see that the 

 fallacy about the same kind of forest not succeeding has been exploded. 



Mr. CONANT. In the first paper read, the professor spoke of forests in Germany, 

 and the reproduction of different kinds of trees. Suppose you want to reproduce trees 

 in Canada, with all the trees we have, did it ever occur to you that it is a very difficult 

 matter to get a real seed? We can get small trees, but the real seed is a very difficult 

 thing to get I myself have found it best to go to Germany to get seed to plant, not- 

 withstanding all the trees we have in this country of ours. Now another idea which 

 occurred to me was that the forest trees of Germany are not usually as hardy as oiirs, 

 although i think those grown in the neighbourhood of the Black Forest, in Germany, 

 grow. Now, to show you how cheaply the Germans will produce these seeds, I may 

 mention that for a kilogramme three and a quarter Ibs. two shillings would be the 

 average ordinary price of most all forest trees, which shows that the purchase of seeds 

 in this way is not such an expensive matter after all. My reason for mentioning this 

 is this: It is difficult to reproduce trees, as a great many of them die, and I find if 

 I plant the seeds and let them grow, I get much better results. I may say that I have 

 planted 10,000 black walnuts, and the squirrels came and took all the nuts away. Out 

 of 30 bushels of nuts, not more than 500 trees grew. Then I got the small trees. I 

 could not get them in this country, and so I got them in the United States, four and 

 a half feet high. It seems to me I had fairly good luck with the black walnut, and out 

 of 10,000 planted, 7,000 are growing very nicely. But had I known of this way of 

 getting black walnut seed (the little sprouts) from Germany, at the time, I certainly 

 could have saved a great deal of expense in experimenting in that matter. 



Professor HUTT. We have had most valuable papers and I have been very much 

 interested in them. One of the most prominent things that struck me in these papers 

 was the definiteness of the former, such definite figures in every case as to the per- 

 centage of area under forest, definite figures each time as to the different species of 

 trees in the forest, and I thought the chief characteristic of that paper was the de- 

 finiteness of information given. Now, in the second paper, the valuable paper by Mr. 

 Bertram, we have much indefiniteness about our forests. We have a good general idea 

 what they are and what they require, but in Germany, where they have been giving 

 attention to this matter so long, and give a great deal of study and attention to it, 

 they know definitely just what the forests are like and what they require. Now, I 

 think the secret of the whole thing was given by Dr. IJnwin. The German Govern- 

 ment spends $500,000 annually in the advancement of forestry. I think that is a 

 thing we as members of the Association should press home upon the people every- 

 where, and strengthen the hands of our Government in supporting forestry educa- 

 tion more liberally. What we need in this country is men who are educated along this 

 line. We all have a general idea, but the Germans have given special study and thus 

 have definite figures to offer each time, and definite information to give as to 

 forests and what they require. That was one of the most striking things. What this 

 country needs is more liberal support to forestry education. We will have a little 

 more of that later on, we hope. Now, the subject referred to by Mr. Conant, the im- 

 porting of European or German seed, is, I think, just another point along that line. 



