30 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



23. Xanthoxylum Clava-Herculis, Linnasns, 



Spec. 1 ed. 270, in part. B. S. Barton, Coll. i, 25, 52; ii, 38. Willdenow, Spec, iv, 754, in part. Alton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. v, 388. 

 Elliott, Sk. ii, 690. Planchon & Triana in Ann. Sci. Nat. 5 Her. xiv, 312. 



X. fraxinifolium, Walter, Fl. Carolinians, 243 [not Marshall]. 



Fagara fraxinifolia, Lamarck, 111. i, 334. 



X. Carolinianum, Lamarck, Diet, ii, 39; 111. 403, t. 811, f. 1. Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. America, i, 214. Engelmann & Gray 

 in Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist, v, 213. Gray, Genera, ii, 148, t. 156, f. 13, 14; Manual N. States, 5 ed. 110; Hall's PI 

 Texas, 5. Scheele in Kramer, Texas, 432. Nuttall, Sylva, iii, 8, t. 83; 2 ed. ii, 78, t. S?. Darby, Bot. S. States, 253. 

 Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 250. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 66. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, 

 iii, 103. Wood, Cl. Book, 282; Bot. & Fl. 70. Young, Bot. Texas, 194. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 8. 



X. aromaticum, Willdenow, Spec, iv, 755 (excl. syn.). Jacquin f. Eclogse, i, 103, t. 70. 



X. tricarpum, Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Ara. ii, 235. Poiret, Suppl. ii, 294. Aiton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. v, 383. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept 

 i, 210. De Candolle, Prodr. i, 726. Elliott, Sk. ii, 690. A. de Jussieu in Mem. Mus. xii, t.25, f. 38. Sprengel, Syst, 

 i, 945. Don, Miller's Diet, i, 803. Spach, Hist. Veg. ii, 365. London, Arboretum, i, 488. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 399. 

 Eaton & Wright, Bot- 482. Dietrich, Syn. ii, 1000. 



Kampmania fraxinifolia, Rafiuesque, Med. Rep. v, 354. 



Pseudopetalon glandulosum, Ratinesque, Fl. Ludoviciana, 108; Med. Bot. ii, 114. 

 Pseudopetdlon tricarpum, Rafinesque, Fl. Ludoviciaua, 108; Med. Bot. ii, 114. 

 X. Catesbianum, Rafinesque, Med. Bot. ii, 114. 



TOOTHACHE TREE. PRICKLY ASH. SEA ASH. PEPPER WOOD. WILD ORANGE. 



Southern Virginia, southward near the coast to bay Biscayne and Tampa bay, Florida, westward through the 

 Gulf states to northwestern Louisiana, southern Arkansas (south of the Arkansas river), and the valley of the 

 Brazos river, Texas. 



A small tree, rarely 12 to 14 meters in height, with a trunk 0.30 meter in diameter, of very rapid growth; 

 usually along streams and low, rich river bottoms, reaching its greatest development in southern Arkansas, 

 Louisiana, and eastern Texas. 



A form with trifoliate leaves is 



X. macrophyllum, Nuttall, Sylva, iii, 10 ; 2 ed. ii, 80. Lesquereux in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 353. 

 X. Clava-Herculis, var. Watson in Proc. Am. Acad. xvii, 335. 



Wood light, hard, not strong, soft, coarse-grained, not durable, containing many scattered open ducts; 

 medullary rays numerous, thin; color, light brown, the sap-wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.5056; ash, 0.82. 



JT. Clava-Herculis probably possesses similar medicinal properties to those of the last species (Nat. Dispensatory 

 2 ed. 1535). 



Vat. fruticosum, Gray, 



Smithsonian Contrib. iii, 30. Torrey & Gray in Pacific R. R. Rep. ii, 161. Torrey, Bot. Mex. Boundary Survey, 43. Chapman, Fl. 



S. States, 66 ? Wood, Bot. & Fl. 71. 



X. Mrsutum, Buckley in Proc. Philadelphia Acad. 1861, 450; 1870, 136 (see Gray in same, 1862, 162). Young, Bot. Texas. 

 195. 



Western Texas, Corpus Christi (Buckley), mouth of the Colorado river (Mohr), near Austin, and west to Devil's 

 river and Eagle pass; Florida (?) (Chapman I. c.). 



A low shrub, or on the Texas coast a small tree, 6 to 8 meters in height, with a trunk 0.20 to 0.30 meter in 

 diameter. 



Wood light, soft, close-grained, compact ; medullary rays numerous, thin ; color, light brown, the sap-wood 

 yellow ; specific gravity, 0.59C7 ; ash, 0.76. 



24. Xanthoxylum Caribeeum, Lamarck, 



Diet, ii, 40. Gartner, Fruct. i, 333, t. 68, f. 8. Descourtil/, Fl. Med. Antilles, ii, 58. Planchon & Triana in Ann. Sci. Nat. 5ser. xiv, 

 315. Guibourt, Hist. Drogues, 7 ed. iii, 562. 



X. Clava-Herculis, LiuvuTuis, Spec. 1 ed. 270, in part. De Candolle, Prodr. i, 727. Macfadyen, Fl. Jamaica, 194. Grisebach, 

 Fl. British West Indies, 138. 



X. lanceolatum, Poiret, Suppl. ii,293. De Candolle, Prodr. i, 727. 



X. Floridanum, Nuttall, Sylva, iii, 14, t. 85; 2 ed. ii, 85, t. 85. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 66. Wood, Bot. & Fl. 70. Young, 

 Bot. Texas, 194. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 8. 



