CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 45 



Wood heavy, strong, hard, close-grained, compact, easily split into thin strips ; layers of annual growth clearly 

 marked by several rows of large open ducts ; medullary rays thin, obscure ; color, light brown tinged with yellow, 

 the sap-wood lighter ; specific gravity, 0.8126 ; ash, 1.50; largely used in Texas in the manufacture of cotton-baskets, 

 and in ^N"ew Mexico for the frames of pack-saddles. 



Saponin, common in several species of the genus, and affording a substitute for soap, may be looked for in the 

 fruit and roots of this tree. 



55. Sapindus Saponaria, Linua?us, 



Spec. 1 ed. 367; Swartz, Obs. 152. Lamarck, 111. ii, 441, t. 307. Willdeuow, Spec, ii, 468. Aiton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. ii, 424. Titford, 

 Hort. Bot. Am. 61. Poiret in Lamarck, Diet, vi, 663. Descourtilz, Fl. Mcd. Antilles, iv, 121, t. 261. De Candolle, Prodr. i, 607. 

 Spach. Hist. Veg. iii, 53. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 323. Macfadyeu, Fl. Jamaica, 159. Raiinesque, New Fl. 22. Nuttall, Sylva, ii, 

 72 ; 2 ed. 20. Richard, Fl. Cuba, 280. Grisebach, Fl. British West Indies, 126. Baillon, Hist. PI. v, 349, f. 353. Vasey, Cat. 

 Forest Trees, 10. Chapman in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 3; Fl. S. States, Suppl. 613. 



SOAPBERRY. 



Semi-tropical Florida, bay Biscayne, cape Sable, Caximbas bay, Thousand Islands, Key Largo, Elliott's Key; 

 in the West Indies. 



A small tree, 6 to 10 meters in height, with a trunk sometimes 0.38 meter in diameter; common on cape Sable, 

 and reaching its greatest development within the United States on the Thousand Islands and along the shores of 

 Caximbas bay. 



Wood heavy, rather hard, close-grained, compact ; medullary rays numerous, thin ; color, light brown tinged 

 with yellow, the sap-wood yellow; specific gravity, 0.8367 ; ash, 4.34. 



The fruit and roots rich in saponin and used in the West Indies as a substitute for soap ( Guibourt, Hist. Drogues, 

 1 ed. iii, 598. U. S. Dispensatory, 14 ed. 1 751) ; the round, black seeds for beads, buttons, and small ornaments. 



56. Hypelate paniculata, Cambessedes, 



Mem. Mus. xviii, 32. Don, Miller's Diet, i, 671. Richard, Fl. Cuba, 295. Grisebach, Fl. British West Indies, 127. Chapman, Fl. S. 

 States, 79. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 10. 



MelicOCCtt paniculata, Jussieu in Mem. Mas. iii, 187, t. 5. De Candolle, Prodr. j, 615. Nuttall, Sylva, ii, 74, t. 66; 2 ed. 

 ii, 21, t. 66. 



Exotliea oblongifolia, Macfadyen, Fl. Jamaica, 232. 



H. oblongifolia, Hooker in London Jour. Bot. iii, 226, t. 7. 



INK WOOD. IRON WOOD. 



Semi-tropical Florida, east coast, Mosquito inlet to the southern keys ; in the West Indies. 



A tree often 12 meters in height, with a trunk 0.45 meter in diameter. 



Wood very heavy, exceedingly hard, very strong, close-grained, susceptible of a good polish, checking in drying; 

 medullary rays obscure ; color, bright reddish-brown, the sap-wood lighter ; specific gravity, 0.9533 ; ash, 1.25 ; 

 used in ship-building, for the handles of tools, and piles; resisting the attacks of the teredo. 



57. Hypelate trifoliata, Swartz, 



Fl. Ind. Occ. ii, 655, t. 14. Delessert, Icon, iii, t. 39. De Candolle, Prodr. i, 614. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 78. Grisebach, Fl. 

 British West Indies, 127; Cat. PI. Cuba, 46. 



WHITE IKON WOOD. 



Semi-tropical Florida, Upper Metacombe and Umbrella Keys; in the West Indies. 



A tree sometimes 12 meters in height, with a trunk 0.45 to 0.60 meter in diameter. 



Wood very heavy, hard, close grained, compact, susceptible of a fine polish, durable in contact with the soil; 

 medullary rays thin, obscure; color, rich light brown, the sap-wood darker; specific gravity, 0.9102; ash, 1.38; 

 used in ship-building, for the handles of tools, posts, etc. 



