72 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



117. Pyrus coronaria, Linnseus, 



Spec. 1 ed. 480. Kalm, Travels, English ed. ii, 166. Du Roi, Harbk. i, 229. Marshall, Arbustum, 118. Alton, Hort. Kew. ii, 176; 2 

 ed. iii, 209. Willdenow, Spec, ii, 1019; Enum. 527; Berl. Baumz. 330. Persoon, Syn. ii, 40. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i, 340. Eaton, 

 Manual, 56; 6 ed. 291. Nuttall, Genera, i, 307. Barton, Compend. Fl. Philadelph. i, 228. Hayne, Dend. F1.86. Torrey, Fl. U. 

 S. i, 180; Compend. Fl. N. States, 203; Fl. N. York, i, 223. Bot. Mag. t. 2009. Elliott, Sk. i, 559. Bot. Reg. viii, 651. Spreugel, 

 Syst. ii, 510. De Candolle, Prodr. ii, 635. Don, Miller's Diet, ii, 617. Beck, Bot. 113. Hooker, Companion Bot. Mag. i, 25. 

 Reichenbach, Fl. Exot. t. 240. Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. America, i, 223. Dietrich, Syn. iii, 154. London, Arboretum, ii, 908 &t. 

 Browne, Trees of America, 297. Richardson, Arctic Exped. 428. Parry in Owen's Rep. 612. Darby, Bot. S. States, 307. Cooper 

 in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 252. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 128. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 69. 

 Lesquereux in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 359. Wood, Cl. Book, 532; Bot. & Fl. 112. Porcher, Resources S. Forests, 149. Gray, 

 Manual N. States, 5 ed. 161. Koch, Dendrologie, i, 214. Weuzig in Linnsea, xxxviii, 40 (excl. var. ). Macoun & Gibson in Trans. 

 Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, xii, 325. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 13. London Garden, xix, 400, t. 280. Ward in Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 

 22,78. Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 66. 



Malus coronaria, Miller, Diet. No. 2. Moanch, Meth. (182. Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. i, 292. Poiret in Lamarck, Diet, v, 562. 

 Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii, 140. Nouveau Duhamel, vi, 139, t. 44, f. 1. Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 65, t. 10; N. 

 American Sylva, 3 ed. ii, 58, t. 65. Barton, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 55. Spach, Hist. Veg. ii, 136, t. 8. Reamer, Syn. Hon. 

 iii, 191. Decaisue in Nouv. Arch. Mus. x, 154. Carriore in Rev. Hort. 1877, 410 & t. 



Cratcegus coronaria, Salisbury, Prodr. 357. 



Mains microcarpa coronaria, Carriere in Rev. Hort. 1884, 104, f. 24. 



AMERICAN CRAB. SWEET-SCENTED CRAB. 



Ontario, valley of the Humber river, shores of lake Erie, southward through western New York and 

 Pennsylvania to the District of Columbia, and along the Alleghany mountains to central Alabama and northern 

 Mississippi ; west to southern Minnesota, Iowa, eastern Kansas, the Indian territory, and northern Louisiana. 



A small tree, rarely 6 to 9 meters in height, with a trunk often 0.30 meter in diameter; rich, rather low woods, 

 reaching its greatest development in the valleys of the lower Ohio region. 



Wood heavy, rather soft, not strong, very close-grained, checking badly in drying ; medullary rays numerous, 

 obscure ; color, Jbrown varying to light red, the sap-wood yellow ; specific gravity, 0.7048 ; ash, 0.52 ; used for 

 levers, handles of tools, and in turnery. 



Often planted for ornament on account of its fragrant blossoms ; the small, yellow-green austere fruit used for 

 preserves, and occasionally made into cider. 



118. Pyrus angustifolia, Alton, 



Hort. Kew. ii, 176; 2 ed. iii, 209. Willdenow, Spec. ii,1020. Poiret in Lamarck, Diet.- v, 455. Persoon, Syn. ii, 40. Pursh, Fl, Am. Sept. 

 i,341. Elliott, Sk.i, 559. Torrey, Fl. U. S. 480 ; Compend. Fl. N. States, 203. Sprengel, Syst. ii, 509. De Caudolle, Prodr. ii, 635. 

 Watson, Dend. Brit, ii, t. 132. Bot. Reg. xiv, 1207. Don, Miller's Diet. 647. Beck, Bot. 113. Hooker, Companion Bot. Mag. i, 25. 

 Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. America, i, 471. Loudon, Arboretum, ii, 909 & t. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 382. Dietrich, Syn. iii, 154. Nuttall, 

 Sylva, ii, 24; 2 ed. i, 174. Darby, Bot. S. States, 307. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858,252. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 128. 

 Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 69. Lesquereux in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 359. Wood, Cl. Book, 333; 

 Bot. & Fl. 112. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 161. Koch, Dendrologie, i, 213. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 14. Ridgway in Proc, 

 U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882,66. 



P. coronaria, Wangeuheim, Anier. 61, t. 21, f. 47 [not Linnasus]. Walter, Fl. Caroliniana, 148. 

 Malus angustifolia, Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. i, 292. Decaisne in Nonv. Arch. Mns. x, 155. 



Malus sempervirens, Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii, 141. Nouveau Duhamel, vi, 638, t. 43, f. 1. Poiret, Suppl. iv, 524. Spach, 

 Hist. Veg. ii, 135, t. 8, 6gs. Rcemer, Syn. Mon. iii, 191. 



P. coronaria, var. angustifolia, Wenzig in Linnsea, xxxviii, 41. 

 Chloromeles sempervirens, Decaisne in Fl. des Serres, xxiii, 126. 



AMERICAN CRAB APPLE. SOUTHERN CBAB APPLE. 



Pennsylvania ?, southern Delaware, and the valley of the lower Wabash river, Illinois, south to the Chattahoochee 

 region of western Florida. 



A small tree, 6 to 9 meters in height, with a trunk rarely 0.30 meter in diameter ; low, rich woods; most common 

 and reaching its greatest development along the river bottoms of the south Atlantic states ; less common west of 

 the Alleghany mountains. 



Wood heavy, hard, close-grained, checking badly in drying ; medullary rays numerous, obscure : color, light 

 brown tinged with red, the sap-wood yellow ; specific gravity, 0.6895 ; ash, 0.33; used for levers, handles of tools, etc. 



The austere fruit used for preserves and made into cider. 



