84 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



TOYON. TOLLON. CALIFORNIA HOLLY. 



California Coast ranges, Mendocino to San Diego county, extending east to the foot-hills of the Sierra Nevada 

 and San Bernardino mountains. 



A small, low-branched evergreen tree, rarely exceeding 9 meters in height, the short trunk sometimes 0.30 to 

 0.45 meter in diameter, or more often a low, much-branched shrub. 



Wood very heavy, hard, close grained, inclined to check in drying, satiny, susceptible of a beautiful polish ; 

 medullary rays numerous, very obscure; color, dark reddish-brown, the sap-wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.9326; 

 ash, 0.54. 



137. Amelanchier Canadensis, Torroy & Gray, 



PI. N. America, i, 473. Walpers, Eep. ii, 55. Dietrich, Syn. iii, 158. Torrey, PI. N. York, i. 225. Browne, Trees of America, 282. 

 Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, i, 443; 2 ed. ii, 503 & t. Parry iu Owen's Rep. 612. Darlington, PI. Cestrica, 3 ed. 86. 

 Richardson, Arctic Exped. 428. Seemann, Bot. Herald, 52. Hooker f. in Trans. Linnaean Soc. xxii 2 , 290, 327. Cooper in 

 Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 252. Chapman, PI. 8. States, 129. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 68. Lesquereux 

 in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 359. Wood, Cl. Book, 329; Bot. & Fl. 110. Engelmann in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. new ser. xii, 191. 

 Porcher, Resources S. Forests, 168. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 162. Koch, Dendrologie, i, 180. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trues, 14. 

 Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. St. Petersburg, xix, 175. Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 66. 



Mespilus Canadensis, Linnseus, Spec. 1 ed. 478 (excl. syn. Gronovius). Walter, Fl. Caroliniana, 148. Alton, Hort. Kew. 

 ii, 173. 



Cratcegus tomentosa, Linnaeus, Spec. 1 ed. 476 (excl. syn. Gronovius). 



Pyrus Botryapium, Linnaeus f. Suppl. 255. Wangenheim, Amer. 90, t. 28, f. 65. Ehrhart, Beitr. i, 183 (; ii, 68. Willdenow, 

 Spec, ii, 1013; Enum. 525; Berl. Baumz. 322. Aiton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. iii, 207. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i, 339. Hayne, 

 Dend. Fl. 83. Guimpel, Otto & Hayne, 100, t. 79. Sprengel, Syst. ii, 509. Audubon, Birds, t. 60. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 

 3 ed. 308. 



Cratwgus racemosa, Lamarck, Diet, i, 84. Desfontaiues, Hist. Arb. ii, 148. Nouveau Duhamel, iv, 133. Poiret, Suppl. i, 292. 



Mespilus nivea, Marshall, Arbustum, 90. 



Mespilus Canadensis, var. cordata, Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. i,29l. 



Aronia Botryapium, Persoon, Syn. ii, 39. Nuttall, Genera,!, 557. Elliott, Sk. i, 557. Torrey, Fl. U. S.479; Compend.Fl. 

 N. States, 203. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 29. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 135. 



Mespilus arborea, Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 68, t. 11 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. ii, 60, t. 66. Barton, Prodr. Fl. 

 Philadelph. 55. 



A. Botryapium, Lindley in Trans. Linnsean Soc. xiii, 100. De Candolle, Prodr. ii, 632. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. i, 202. 

 Don, Miller's Diet, ii, 604. Beck, Bot. 112. Spach, Hist. Veg. ii, 84. London, Arboretum, ii, 874, f. 627-629 & t. 

 Reamer, Syn. Mon. iii, 145. Darby, Bot. S. States, 307. Wenzig in Linnsea, xxxiii, 110. Decaiane in Nouv.'Aroh. 

 Mus. x, 135. 



Aronia arborea, Barton, Compend. Philadelph. i, 228. 

 Aronia cordata, Rafinesque, Med. Bot. ii, 196. 

 A. OVttlis, Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. i, 202, in part. 

 Pyrus Bartramiana, Tausch, Fl. xxi, 715. 

 Pyrus Wangenheimiana, Tausch, Fl. xxi, 7J5. 

 A. Bartramiana, Reemer, Syn. Mon. iii, 145. 

 A. Wangenheimiana, Reamer, Syn. Mou. 146. 



JUNE BERRY. SHAD BUSH. SERVICE TREE. MAY CHERRY. 



Newfoundland and Labrador, west along the southern shores of Hudson bay to the Saskatchewan region, 

 south through the Atlantic forests to northern Florida, southwestern Arkansas, and the Indian territory. 



A small tree, 9 to 15 meters in height, with a trunk 0.30 to 0.45 meter in diameter, or in some forms reduced to 

 a low shrub (var. rotundifolia, Torrey & Gray ; var. oligucarpa, Torroy & Gray); common at the north, rare at the south, 

 and reaching its greatest development on the high slopes of the southern Alleghauy mountains ; varying greatly 

 in the shape of the leaves, size of the flowers, amount of pubescence on the leaves and young shoots, etc. 



The best marked arborescent variety is 



var. oblongifolia, Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. America, i, 473. Walpers, Rep. ii, 55. Dietrich, Syn. iii, 158. Torrey, Fl. N. 

 York, i, 225; Nicollet's Rep. 149. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, i, 444; 2 ed. ii, 504 & t. Wood.Cl. Book, 330; Bot. 

 & Fl. 110. Gray, Manuel N. States, 5 ed. 162. Macoun in Geological Rep. Canada, 1875-76, 195. 



