90 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



SUWARROW. SAGUARO. GIANT CACTUS. 



Valley of Bill Williams river, Arizona, south and east through central Arizona to the valley of the San Pedro 

 river ; southward in Sonora. 



A tall, columnar tree, 8 to 18 meters in height, with a trunk sometimes 0.60 meter in diameter ; dry, stony 

 mesas or low hills rising from the desert. 



Wood of the large, strong ribs, very light, soft, rather coarse-grained, solid, satiny, susceptible of a fine polish, 

 almost indestructible in contact with the ground ; medullary rays very numerous, broad ; color, light brown 

 tinged with yellow; specific gravity, 0.3188 ; ash, 3.45; used in the region almost exclusively for the rafters of 

 adobe houses, for fencing, and by the Indians for lances, bows, etc. 



The edible fruit largely collected and dried by the Indians. 



150. Cornus alternifolia, Linnaeus f. 



Suppl. 125. Lamarck, Diet, ii, 116; 111. i, 303. L'Heritier, Cornns, 10, t. 6. Ehrhart, Beitr. iii, 19. Alton, Hort.Kew. i, 159; 2 ed. 

 i, 262. Willdenow, Spec, i, 664; Enum. 165; fieri. Bauinz. 104. Micliaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. i, 93. Porsoon, Syn. i, 144. Desfontaines, 

 Hist. Arb.i, 351. Nouveau Duhamel, ii, 157, t. 45. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i, 109. Nuttall, Genera, i, 99. Rcemer & Schultes, Syst. 

 iii, 323; Mant. 251. Elliott, Sk. i, 210. Guimpel, Otto & Hayne, Abl). Holz. 53, t. 43. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 8. Torrey, Fl. U. S. 180 ; 

 Compend. Fl. N. States, 83; Fl. N. York, i, 288. Sprengel, Syst, i, 451. De Candolle, Prodr. iv, 271. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. i, 275. 

 Don, Miller's Diet, iii, 398. Beck, Bot. 154. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 109. Tausch in Regensb. Fl. xxi,732. Spach, Hist. Veg.viii, 92. 

 Dietrich, Syn. i, 503. Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. America, i, 649. London, Arboretum, ii, 1010, f. 760. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 210. 

 Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 60. C. A. Meyer in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersburg, v, 6, 13. Walpers, Rep. v, 932. Emerson, Trees 

 Massachusetts, 409; 2 ed. ii, 463 & t. Parry in Owen's Rep. 613. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 ed. 110. Cooper in Smithsonian 

 Rep. 1858, 252. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 167. Curtis iu Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 167. Wood, Cl. Book, 391 ; Bot. 

 & Fl. 143. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 201. Koch, Dendrologie, i, 690. Young, Bot. Texas, 303. 



C. alterna, Marshall, Arbustum, 35. 



DOGWOOD. 



New Brunswick, west along the valley of the Saint Lawrence river to the northern shores of lake Superior, 

 eouth through the northern states and along the Alleghany mountains to northern Georgia and Alabama. 



A small tree, 4 to 8 meters in height, with a trunk 0.15 to 0.20 meter in diameter; low, rich woods and borders 

 of streams and swamps. 



Wood heavy, hard, close-grained, checking badly in drying; medullary rays numerous, thin; color, brown 

 tinged with red, the sap-wood light yellow; specific gravity, 0.6696; ash, 0.41. 



151. Cornus florida, Linnaeus, 



Spec. 1 ed. 117. Marshall, Arbustnm, 35. Lamarck, Diet, ii, 114; 111. i, 302. Wangenheim, Amer. 51, t. 17, f. 41. Walter, Fl. 

 Caroliuiana, 88. L'Heritier, Cornus, 4. Aiton, Hort. Kew. i, 157; 2 ed. i, 261. Willdenow, Spec, i, 661; Enum. 164; Berl. 

 Baumz. 100. Abbot, Insects Georgia, ii, t. 73. B. S. Barton, Coll. i, 12, 45; ii, 17, 19. Bot. Mag. t. 526. Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. 

 i, 91. Persoon, Syn. i, 143. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. i, 350. Schkuhr, Handb. 82. Titford, Hort. Bot. Am. 41, 1. 16, f. 7. Nouveau 

 Dnhamel, ii, 153. Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 138, t. 3 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. i, 176, t. 48. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i, 108. 

 Bigelow, Med. Bot. ii, 69, t.73; Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 59. Eaton, Manual, 19; 6 ed. 108. Nuttall, Genera, i, 98. Barton, Med. Bot. i, 

 43, t. 3. Rcemer & Schultes, Syst. iii, 319. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 6. Guimpel, Otto & Hayne, Abb. Holz. 21, t. 19. Elliott, Sk. i, 207. 

 Torrey in Ann. Lye. N. York, ii, 208; Fl. U. S. 178; Compend. Fl. N. States, 82; Fl. N. York, i, 290; Nicollet's Rep. 151; Emory's 

 Rep. 408. Sprengel, Syst. i, 451. Beck in Am. Jour. Sci. 1 ser. x, 264 ; Bot. 153. Andubon, Birds, t. 8, 73, 122. Rafinesqtie, Med. 

 Bot. i, 131, f. 28 De Candolle, Prodr. iv, 273. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. i, 277, in part ; Companion Bot, Mag. i, 48. Don, Miller's Diet, 

 iii, 400. Lindley, Fl. Med. 81. Dietrich, Syn. i, 504. Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. America, i, 652. London, Arboretum, ii, 1017, f. 

 769. Eaton & Wright, Bot, 209. Reid in London Gard. Chronicle, 1844, 276. Browne, Trees of America, 350. Emerson, Trees 

 Massachusetts, 413; 2 ed. ii, 467 & t. Griffith, Med. Bot. 347, f. 164. Carson, Med. Bot. i, 50, t. 42. Richardson, Arctic Exped. 

 429. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 ed. 111. Darby, Bot. S. States, 339. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 252. Chapman, Fl. S. 

 States, 168. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 60. Lesquereux in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 364. Wood, Cl. 

 Book, 391; Bot. & Fl. 143. Blakio in Canadian Nat. vi, 1. Engelmann in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. new ser. xii, 194. Porcher, 

 Resources S. Forests, 59. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 200 ; Hall's PI. Texas, 11. Koch, Dendrologie, i, 694. Young, Bot. Texas, 

 303. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 16. Baillon, Hist. PI. vii, 68, f. 46. Broadhead in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 53. Bentley & 

 Trimen, Med. PI. ii, 136, t. 136. Bell in Geological Rep. Canada, 1879-'80, 55 C . Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 67. 



Benthamidia fiorida, Spach, Hist, Veg. viii, 107. 



