CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 107 



ASH. 



Mountains of western Texas, through southern New Mexico, southern and eastern Arizona, to southern 

 Nevada (Ash Meadows, Rotlirock) ; in northern Mexico. 



A small tree, 10 to 12 meters in height, with a trunk rarely 0.45 meter in diamrtcr; generally along borders 

 of streams, in elevated canons, less commonly in dry soil, the foliage then thick and coriaceous or, more rarely, 

 velvety toinentose (var. coriacea, Gray, I. c.) ; the large specimens generally hollow and detective. 



Wood heavy, soft, not strong, coarse-grained, compact ; medullary rays numerous, thin: cole;-, light brown, 

 the sap-wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.6810; ash, 0.02; occasionally used in wagon-building, for ax handles, etc. 



192. Fraxinus Americana, LinmcuN, 



Spec. 2ed. 1510. Walter, Fl. Caroliniana, 254. Alton, Hort. Ke\v. iii, 445; 2 ed. v, 476. Willdenow, Spec, iv, 1102; Enum. 1060; 

 fieri. Baumz. 145. Muhlenberg & Willdenow in Neue Schriften Gesell. Xat. Fr. Berliu, iii, 393. Vabl Enum. i, 49. Persoon, Syn. 

 ii, 604. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. i,102. Nouveau Dnhamel, iv, 63. Micbaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 106, t. H; N. American Sylva, 

 3 ed. iii, 49, t. 118 (excl. fruit). Barton, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 97; Compend. Fl. Philadelph. ii. 192. Eaton, Manual, 114. 

 Hayne, Dend. Fl. 221. Cobbett, Woodlands, 131. Sprengel, Syst. i, 95. Beck, Bot. 232. London, Arboretum, ii, 1232, f. 1055 

 & t. Penn. Cycl. x, 455. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 408. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 51. Torrey, Fl. N. York, ii, 125, t. 89. A. De 

 Candolle, Prodr. viii, 177. Browne, Trees of America, 394. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 ed. 238. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 

 1858, 253. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 369. Curtis in Geological Eep. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 54. Wood, Cl. Book, 597; Bot. & Fl. 

 277. Lesquereux in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 382. Engelmann in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. new ser. xii, 206. Porcher, Resources 

 S. Forests, 494. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 401 ; Hall's PI. Texas, 19 ; Syn. Fl. N. America, ii 1 , 74. Koch, Dendrologie, U, 

 252. Young, Bot. Texas, 452. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 20. Macoun in Geological Rep. Canada, 1875-'76, 207. Sears in Bull. 

 Essex Inst. xiii, 177. Bell in Geological Rep. Canada, 1879-'80, 52 C . Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 68. 



F. Caroliniensis, Wangenheim, Amer. 81. 



F. alba, Marshall, Arbustum, 51. Hayne, Deud. Fl. 223. 



F. aeuminata, Lamarck, Diet, ii, 542. Bosc in Mem. Inst. 1808, 205. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 9. Nuttall, Genera, H.231; 

 Sylva, iii, 64 ; 2 ed. ii, 129. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 220. Elliott, Sk. ii, 672. Sprengel, Syst. i, 95. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. 

 States, l!71 ; Nicollot's Rep. 154. Rcemer & Schultes, Syst. iii, 277. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 2 ed. 8. Eaton, Manual, 6 

 ed. 148. Beck, Bot. 232. Don, Miller's Diet, iv, 56. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 247. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 333; 

 2 ed. ii, 376 & t. Darby, Bot. S. States, 429. Porcher, Resources S. Forests, 494. ' 



? F. jicglandifolia, Lamarck, Diet, ii, 542. Bosc in Mem. Inst. 1808, 208. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. i, 103. Hayne, Dend. 

 Fl. 221. Beck, Hots 232. Don, Miller's Diet, iv, 55. 



F. CanadensiS; Gartner, Fruct.i, 222, t. 49. 



F. epiptera, Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 256. Vahl, Enum. i, 50. Willdenow, Spec, iv, 1102; fieri. Baumz. 147. Persoon, Syn. 

 ii, 603 Desfontaiues, Hist. Arb. i, 103. Poiret, Suppl. ii, 671. Nnttall, Genera, ii, 231. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i, 8. 

 Elliott, Sk. ii, 672. Sprengel, Syst. i, 96. Rcerner & Schultes, Syst. 278. Eaton, Manual, 6ed. 148. Don, Miller's Diet. 

 iv,55. London, Arboretum, ii, 1237. Penn. Cycl. x, 455. Eaton & Wright, Bqt.247. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 50. 

 A. De Candolle, Prodr. viii, 277. Darby, Bot. S. States, 429. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 399. 



F. lancea, Bosc in Mem. Inst. 1808, 209 (fide London, Arboretum, ii, 1237). 



F. discolor, Mnhlenberg, Cat. 111. Rafinesque, Fl. Ludoviciana, 37. Spach, Hist. Veg. viii, 297. 



F. Americana, var. latifolia, London, Arboretum, ii, 123-2. Browne, Trees of America, 396. 



f F. juglandifolia, var. serrata, Hayne, Dend. Fl. 221. 



t F. juglandifolid,vsir. xubserrata, Hayne, Dend. Fl.221. 



WHITE ASH. 



Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, southern Ontario to northern Minnesota, south to northern Florida, central 

 Alabama and Mississippi, and west to eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, the Indian territory, and the valley of the 

 Trinity river, Texas. 



A large tree of the first economic value, 15 to 30 or, exceptionally, 42 meters (Ridgway) in height, with a trunk 

 1.20 to 1.80 meter in diameter; low, rich, rather moist soil, reaching its greatest development in the bottom lands 

 of the lower Ohio Eiver basin; toward its western and southwestern limits smaller, of less economic value, and 

 generally replaced by the green ash (Fraxinvx riridis). 



\ form of the southern states with remarkably small fruit has been described as 



