CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. Ill 



BLUE ASH. 



Southern Michigan to central Minnesota, south to northern- Alabama, and through Iowa and Missouri to 

 northeastern Arkansas (Duvall's bluff, Letterman). 



A tree 18 to 25 or, exceptionally, 37 meters in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 0.60 meter in diameter ; 

 generally on limestone hills, rarely extending into the bottom lands, and reaching its greatest development in the 

 basin of the lower Wabash river. 



Wood heavy, hard, not strong, brittle, close-grained, compact, satiny ; layers of annual growth clearly 

 marked by one to three rows of large open ducts ; medullary rays numerous, obscure ; color, light yellow streaked with 

 brown, the sap-wood lighter ; specific gravity, 0.7184 ; ash, 0.78 ; largely used for flooring, in carriage-building, etc. 



The inner bark, macerated, dyes blue. 



197. Fraxinus Oregana, Nuttall. 



Sylva, iii, 59, t. 99 ; 2 ed. ii, 124, t. 99. Torrey in Pacific K. R. Rep. iv, 128. Newberry in Pacific R. R. Rep. vi, 25, 87. Cooper ia 

 Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 260; Pacific R. R. Rep. xii 2 , 28, 68; Am. Nat. iii, 407. Koch, Dendrologie, ii, 260. Gray in Bot. California, 

 i, 472 ; Syn. Fl. N. America, ii', 76. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 20. 



F. pubescens, var. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 51. 

 F. grandifolia, Bent-ham, Bot. Sulphur, 33. 



OREGON ASH. 



Shores of Puget sound, south through Washington territory and Oregon west of the eastern valleys of the 

 Cascade mountains, along the California Coast ranges to San Francisco bay and the western slopes of the Sierra 

 Nevada to the San Bernardino and Hot Spring mountains, California. 



A tree sometimes 24 meters in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 0.60 meter in diameter ; moist soil, 

 generally along streams, and reaching its greatest development in the bottom lands of southwestern Oregon. 



Wood light, hard, not strong, brittle, coarse-grained, compact, containing many large, open, scattered ducts, 

 the layers of annual growth strongly marked with several rows of similar ducts ; medullary rays numerous, thin ; 

 color, brown, the sap-wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.5731 ; ash, 0.34; specific gravity of the lighter sap-wood, 

 0.5030 ; used in the manufacture of furniture, for the frames of carriages and wagons, in cooperage, for fuel, etc. 



198. Fraxinus sambucifolia, Lamarck, 



Diet, ii, 549. Muhlcnberg & Willdenowin Neue Schrii'ten Gesell. Nat.Fr. Berlin, iii, 393. Willderiow, Spec, iv, 1099 ; Enum. 1059 ; Berl. 

 Baumz. 150. Vahl, Eiitim. i, 51. Persoon, Syn. ii, 605. Desibntaiues, Hist. Arb. i, 103. Bosc in Mem. lust. 1808, 211. Nouveau 

 Diihamcl, iv, 60. Aiton, Hort. Kew. v, 475. Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 122, t. 12; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. iii, 159, t. 122. 

 Pnrsh.Fl. Am. Sept. i,8. Rconier & Schnltes, Syst. i, 279. Nnttall, Genera, ii, 2!!1. Barton, Compend. Fl. Philadelph. ii,192. 

 Hayne, Dend. Fl. 224. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 371 ; Fl. N. York, ii, 12G. Beck, Bot. 232. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 148. Don, 

 Miller's Diet, iv, 54. Loudon, Arboretum, ii, 1234, f. 1057, 1058. Spach, Hist. Veg. viii, 299. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 50. Eaton 

 & Wright, Bot. 147. A. De Candolle, Prodr. viii, 278. EmeL-son, Trees Massachusetts, 338; 2 ed. ii,381 & t. Darlington, Fl. 

 Cestrica, 3 ed. 239. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 253. Lesquereux in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 382. Wood, Cl. Book, 598; 

 Bot. & Fl. 277. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 402; Syn. Fl. N. America, ii 1 , 76. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 20. Ridgway in Proc. 

 U. S. Nat. Mns. 1882, 69. Bell in Geological Rep. Canada, 1879-'80, 46<=. 



F. nigra, Marshall, Arbustum, 51. 



F. NoVW-Anglice, Wangenheim, Amer. 51. 



F. crispa, Hort. 



F. sambltcifolia, var. crispa, Loddiges, Cat. 1836. Loudon, Arboretum, ii, 1234. 



F. Americana, var. sambucifolia, Bro wne, Trees of America, 393- 



BLACK ASH. HOOP ASH. GROUND ASH. 



Southern Newfoundland, along the northern shores of the gulf of Saint Lawrence, southwesterly to the eastern 

 shores of lake Winnipeg, south through the northern states to New Castle county, Delaware, the mountains of 

 Virginia, southern Illinois, and northwestern Arkansas. 



A tree 25 to 30 meters in height, with a trunk 0.30 to 0.60 meter in diameter; swamps and low river batiks; 

 the most northern representative of the genus in America. 



Wood heavy, soft, not strong, tough, rather coarse-grained, compact, durable, separating easily into thin 

 layers; layers of annual growth strongly marked by several rows of large open ducts; medullary rays numerous, 



