CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 141 



258. Quercus bicolor, Wiildenow, 



Neue Schriften Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, iii, 396 ; Spec, iv, 440.--Smith in Rees' Cycl. xxx, No. 50. Persoon, Syn. ii, f>69. Poiret, Suppl. 

 ii, 219. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 63:!. Eaton, Manual, 107; 6 ed. 294. Barton, Coinpeml. Fl. Philmlelph. ii, 172. Nuttall, Genera, 

 ii, 215; Sylva, i. 13; 2 ed. i,23. Nouveau Dnhamel, vii,166. Spreugel, 8yst.lii,860. Torrey, romprnd. Fl. N. States, 3f.9; Fl.N. 

 York, ii, 192. Beck, Bot. 331. Bigeluw, Fl. Huston. I! (><1. 375. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 385. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 135, t. 4 ; 

 2 ed. i, 153 & t. Buckley in Ain.Jonr. Sci.2 scr. xiii, 397. Darlington, Fl. Ccstrica, 3 ed. 206. Lesqnereux in Owen's 2d Rep. 

 Arkansas. ::-7. Wood, Cl. Book, 646; Bot.it F1.306. A. De Candolle, Prodr. xvi', '20. Orsted in Sacrskitt. Aftryk. af. Nat. For. 

 Viden. Meddelt. Nos. 1-6, 1866, 67. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 451. Koch, Dendrologie, ii 2 , 47. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 25. 

 Engelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii, 389. Broadhead in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 60. Sears in Bull. Essex Inst. xiii, 179. 

 Bell in Geological Rep. Canada, 1879-VU, 5.V. Ridgway iu Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1682, 79. 



? Q. Prlnm platanoides, Lamarck, Diet, i, 21. 



Q. alba palustris, Marshall, Arbustum, 120. Muhleiiberg & Willdeuow iu Neue Schriften Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, iii, 395. 



Q. Prinus tomentoita, Miclumx, llist.Chenes Am. No. 5, t. 9, f. 2 ; Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 196. Loudon, Arboretum, iii, 1876, f. 1739. 



Q. PrinilS, var. discolor, Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am.ii,46,t. 6; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. i, 41, t. 7. Cooper in Smithsonian 

 Rep. 1858, 255. Breudel in Trans. Illinois Ag. Soc. iii, 617, t. 3. Chapman, Fl. 8. States, 424. Curtis in Rep. Geological 



Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 34. 



Q. bicolor, var. mollis, Nuttall, Genera, ii, 215. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 359. 



Q. Prinus, var. bicolor, Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 158. 



f Q. bicolor, var. platanoides, A. De Candolle, Prodr. xvi a , 21. 



SWAMP WHITE OAK. 



Southern Maine, valley of tbe upper Saint Lawrence river, Ontario, southern peninsula of Michigan to 

 southeastern Iowa and western Missouri, south to Delaware, and along the Alleghany mountains to northern 

 Georgia, northern Kentucky, and northern Arkansas. 



A large tree, 24 to 36 meters in height, with a trunk 1.20 to 2.40 or, exceptionally, over 3 meters (" Wadsworth 

 Oak", Geneseo, New York) in diameter; borders of streams and swamps, in deep alluvial soil ; common and reaching 

 its greatest development iu the region south of the great lakes. 



Wood heavy, hard, strong, tough, close-grained, inclined to check in seasoning ; layers of annual growth marked 

 by one to three rows of large open ducts ; medullary rays broad and conspicuous ; color, light brown, the sap-wood 

 hardly distinguishable; specific gravity, 0.7662; ash, 0.58; used for the same purposes as that of the white oak 

 (Q. alba). 



259. Quercus Michauxii, Nuttall, 



Genera, ii, 215 (excl. syn.). Elliott, Sk. ii, 609. Sprengel, Syst. iii, 860. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 295. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 386. Darby, 

 Bot. S. States, 511. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 25. Engelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii, 382. Ward in Bull. U. S. Nat. Mas. No. 

 22, 113. Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 81. 



Q. Prinus palustris, Michaux, Hist. Chines Am. No. 5, t. 6; Fl. Bor-Am. ii, 196. Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. ii, 51, t. 7; N. 

 American Sylva, 3 ed. i, 44, t. 8. Barton, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 91. Loudon, Arboretum, iii, 1872, f. 1735 & t. 



Q. Prinus, var. Michauxii, Chapman, Fl. S. States, 424. 



Q. Prinus, Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 33, in part. 



Q. bicolor, var. Michauxii, Engelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii, 390. 



BASKET OAK. COW OAK. 



New Gastle county, Delaware, south through the lower and middle districts to northern Florida, through the 

 Gulf states to the valley of the Trinity river, Texas, and through Arkansas and southwestern Missouri to central 

 Tennessee and Kentucky, and the valley of the lower Wabash river. 



A tree 24 to 36 meters in height, with a trunk 1.20 to 2.10 meters in diameter ; borders of streams and deep, 

 often submerged, swamps ; the common and most valuable white oak of the Gulf states, reaching its greatest 

 development in the rich bottom lauds of southeastern Arkansas and Louisiana. 



Wood heavy, hard, very strong, tough, close-grained, compact, very durable in contact with the soil, easily 

 split ; layers of annual growth marked by few rather large open ducts ; medullary rays broad, conspicuous ; color, 

 light brown, the sap-wood darker ; specific gravity, 0.8039 ; ash, 0.45 ; largely used in the manufacture of agricultural 

 implements, wheel stocks, baskets, for which it is unsurpassed, for cooperage, fencing, construction, and fuel. 



The large, sweet, edible acorns eagerly devoured by cattle and other animals. 



