CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 151 



Q.fttlcata, var. triloba, Nuttall, Genera, ii, 214. Elliott, Sk. ii, 004. Darby, Bot. S. States, 511. A. De Caudolle, Prodr. 

 xvi 2 , 59. 



Q.falcata, var. pagodafolia, Elliott, Sk. ii.liia. Darby, Bot. S. States, 511. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N.Carolina, 

 1860, iii,39. 



Q. discolor, var. triloba, Sparh. Hist. Vrg.xi, 163. 

 Q.falcata, var. Ludoviciana, A. DeCamloli.-. i-mdr. xvi-, 59. 



SPANISH OAK. RED OAK. 



t 



Long island, New York, south to Hernando county, Florida, through the Gulf states to the valley of the 

 Brazos river, Texas, and through Arkansas and southeastern Missouri to central Tennessee and Kentucky, southern 

 Illinois and Indiana. 



A large tree, 24 to 30 meters in height, with a trunk 0.90 to 1.80 meter in diameter; dry, gravelly uplands 

 find barrens; in the north Atlantic states only near the coast; rare; most common and reaching its greatest 

 development in the south Atlantic and Gulf states, where, in the middle districts, it is the most common forest tree. 



Wood heavy, very hard and strong, not durable, coarse-grained, checking badly in drying; layers of annual 

 growth strongly marked by several rows of large open ducts; medullary rays few, conspicuous; color, light red, 

 the sap-wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.6928; ash, 0.25; somewhat used for cooperage, construction, etc., and very 

 largely for fuel. 



The bark rich in tannin. 



278. Quercus Catesbaei,. Michaux, 



Hist. Chenes Am. No. 17, t. 29, 30 ; Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 199, Abbot, Insects Georgia, i, 27, 1. 14. Willdenow', Spec, iv, 446. Smith in Res 

 Cycl. xxx, No. 62. Persoon, Syn. 569. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii, 511. Poiret, Suppl. ii, 221. Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. ii, 101, t. 

 20 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. i, 71, t. 22. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 630. Nuttall, Genera, ii, 214. Nouveau Duhamel, vii, 172. 

 Elliott, Sk. ii, 603. Sprengel, Syst. iii, 866. Torrey, C'ompend. Fl. N. States, 358. Beck, Bot. 329. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 293. 

 Loudou, Arboretum, iii, 1889, f. 1762, 1763. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 3H4. Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 162. Darby, Bot. S. States, 510. 

 Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 255. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 422. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 41. 

 Wood, Cl. Book, 644 ; Bot. & Fl. 306. A. De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 3 ' 59. Orsted in Saerskitt. Aftryk. af. Nat. For. Viden. Meddelt. 

 Nos. 1-6, 1866, 72. Koch, Dendrologie, ii s , 67. Young, Bot. Texas, 503. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 26. 



? Q. IcBvis, Walter, Fl. Caroliniana, 234. 



TURKEY OAK. SCRUB OAK. FORKED-LEAF BLACK JACK. BLACK JACK. 



North Carolina, south near the coast to cape Malabar and Pease creek, Florida, and along the coast of Alabama 

 and Mississippi. 



A small tree, 7 to 15 meters in height, with a trunk 0.45 to 0.60 meter in diameter; very common in the south 

 Atlantic and east Gulf states upon barren sandy hills and ridges of the maritime pine belt; rare in Mississippi. 



Wood heavy, hard, strong, close-grained, compact; layers of annual growth marked by several rows of large 

 open ducts and containing many much smaller ducts arranged in short lines parallel to the broad, conspicuous 

 medullary rays; color, light brown tinged with red, the sap-wood somewhat lighter; specific gravity, 0.7294; ash, 

 O.S7 ; largely used for fuel. 



279. Quercus palustris, DU Roi, 



Harbk. ii, 268, t. 5, f. 4. Wangenheim, Amer. 76, t. 5, f. 10. Michaux, Hist. Chenes Am. No. 19, t. 33, 34 ; Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 200. 

 Wilklemnv, Spec, iv, 446 ; Enum. 976 ; Berl. Baumz. 343. Persoon, Syn. ii, 569. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii, 511. Poiret, Suppl. ii, 

 222.- Michanx f. Hist. Arb. Am. ii, 123, t. 25 ; N. American Sylva, i, 83, t. 27. Aitou, Hort. Ken-. 2 ed. v, 292. Smith in Rees' Cycl. 

 xxx, No. 6. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 631. Barton, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 91 ; Compend. Fl. Philadelph. ii, 170. Eaton, Manual. 108; 

 6ed. 293. Nuttall, Genera, ii, 214. Nouveau Duhamel, vii, 172. Hayne, Deud. Fl. 158. Sprengel, Syst. iii, 863. Torrey, Compend. 

 Fl. N. States, 358; Fl. N. York, ii, 190, t. 107. Beck, Bot, 329. Loudou, Arboretum, iii, 1887, f. 1758-1761 & t, Eaton & Wright, 

 Bot. 384. Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 166. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 ed. 269. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 255. Brendel in Trans. 

 Illinois Ag. Soc. iii, 631. Leaqtiereux in Owen's 2<1 Rep. Arkansas, 388. Wood, Cl. Book, 644; Bot. & Fl. 306. A. De Caudolle, 

 Prodr. xvi-, 60. Orsted in Saerskitt. Aftryk. af. Nat. For. Viden. Meddelt. Nos. J-6, 1866, 23, 72, f. 4. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 

 454. Liebmann, Chines Am. Trop. t. A. Koch, Demlrologie, ii", 71. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 2 ed. i, 167 & t. Vasey, Cat. 

 Forest Trees, 27. W. E. Stone in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, ix, 57. Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 83. Burgess in Coulter's 

 Bot. Gazette, vii, 95. Chapman, Fl. S. States, Suppl. 641). 



Q. rubra, var. dixsecta, Lamarck, Diet, i, 12- 



Q. rubra ramosissima, Marshall, Arbustum, 122. Muhlenberg& Willdeuow in NeueSchriften Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, 398. 



