164 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



304. Alnus serrulata, wiiidenow, 



Spec, iv, 33ti; Enuui. 965 ; Berl. Baumz. 2 ed. 21. Nouveau Duhamel, ii, 216. Persoon, Syn. ii, 550. Desfoiitaines, Hist. Arb. ii, 488. 

 Aiton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. v, 259. Michanx f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 320, t. 4, f. 1 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. ii, 87, t. 75, f. 1. Pursh, Fl. Am. 

 Sept. ii, 623. Bartou, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 89; Compend. Fl. PMladelph. ii, 158. Eaton, Mauual, 105; 6 ed. 12. Nuttall, Genera, 

 ii, 206. Hayne, Deud. Fl. 122. Elliott, Sk. ii, 567. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 350; Fl.N. York, ii, 202, 1. 115. Beck, Bot. 

 326. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 ed. 276. London, Arboretum, iii, 1688, f. 1544. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 120. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 

 3 ed. 220. Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv, 206 ; Hist. Veg. xi, 251. Emersou, Trees Massachusetts, 218 ; 2 ed. i, 248 & t. Endlicher, 

 Genera, Suppl. iv=, 21. Darby, Bot. S. States, 508. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 429. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 

 1860, iii, 102. Lesqueroux in Owen's 2d Eep. Arkansas, 389. Wood, Cl. Book, 650; Bot. & Fl. 308. Poreher, Resources S. Forests, 

 266. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 461. Young, Bot. Texas, 513. Broadhcad iu Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 60. 



Betula rugosa, Du Roi, Harbk. i, 176. Wangenheim, Amer. 86, t. 29, f. 60. Ehrhart, Beitr. iii, 21. 

 ?Betula- Alnus glauca, Marshall, Arbustum, 20. 



Betula serrulata, Aiton, Hort. Kew. iii, 338. Willdeuow, Berl. Baumz. 1 ed. 45. Abbot, Insects Georgia, ii, 183, t. 92. 

 Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 181. 



A. serrulata, var. vulgaris, Spach iu Ann. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv,206. 



A. serrulata, var. macrophylla, Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv, 206. 



A. serrulata, var. oblongata, Spach,Hist. Veg. xi, 251. 



A. serrulata, var. latifolia, Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 251. 



A. rubra, Tuckerman in Am. Jour. Sci. 1 ser. xlv, 32. 



A. hybrida, Rcicheubach, Icon.Fl. Germ, xii.t. 630, f. 1292. 



A. glutinosa, Var. serrulata, Regel in Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xix, 164, 1. 11, f. 6, 8, in part. 



A. glutinosa, var. rugosa, Regel in Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xix, 165, 1. 11, f. 9, 10. 



A. Serrulata genuina and obtusifolia, Regel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xxxviii*, 432; De Candolle, Prodr. xvi, 188. 



A. Serrulata, var. rugosa, Regel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xxxviii*, 432, in part; De Candolle, Prodr. xvi*, 188, in part. 



A. rugosa, Koch, Dendrologie.ii, 635. 



A. oblongata, undulata, rugosa, Canadensis, and Americana, Hort. 







BLACK ALDEE. SMOOTH ALDER. 



Essex county, Massachusetts, west to southern Missouri, south to northern Florida and the valley of the 

 Trinity river, Texas. 



A small tree, 6 to 12 meters in height, with a trunk 0.10 to 0.15 meter in diameter, or more often a tall, branching 

 shrub forming dense thickets; borders of streams and swamps, probably reaching its greatest development in 

 southern Arkansas. 



Wood light, soft, close-grained, compact; medullary rays numerous, conspicuous; color, light brown, the sap- 

 wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.4666; ash, 0.38. 



A decoction of the bark and leaves, as well as those of A. incana, is a popular remedy against impurity of the 

 blood and in the treatment of diarrhoea and ha3inaturia, etc. ( Nat. Dispensatory, 2 ed. 135). 



305. Alnus incana, Willdeuow, 



Spec.iv,335; Enum.965; Berl. Baumz. 2 ed. 20. Persoon, Syn. ii, 550. Aiton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. v, 259. Hayue, Dend. Fl. 152. Eaton, 

 Manual, 6 ed. 12. London, Arboretum, iii, 1687, f. 1543. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 157. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 120. Spach in Ann. 

 Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv, 2n6; Hist. Veg. xi, 252. Nnttall, Sylva, i, 30; 2 ed. i,46. Tutkerman in Am. Jour. Sci. 1 ser. xlv, 32. Torrey, 

 F1.N. York, ii, 202. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 220; 2 ed. i, 251 & t. Endlicher, Genera, Suppl. iv 2 , 21. Parry iu Owen's 

 Rep. 618. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, .256. Hooker f. in Trans. Linntean Soj. xxiii*, 301. Wood, Cl. Book. 649; Bot. & 

 Fl. 308. Regel iu Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xxxviiH, 433; De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 188. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 461. Koch, 

 Dendrologie, ii, 636. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 28. Maconn in Geological Rep. Canada, 1875-76, 210. Bell in Geological Rep. 

 Canada, 1879-'80, 55 C . 



Betula- Alnus, var. /?. incana, Linnaeus, Spec. 1 ed. 983. Du Roi, Harbk. i, 109. 



Betula incana, Linmeus, Snppl. 417. Aiton, Hort. Kew. iii, 339. Wiiidenow, Berl. Baumz. 1 ed. 45. Smith in Rees' Cycl. 

 iv,No. 7. 



? Betula- Alnus rubra, Marshall. Arbustum, 20. 



A. glauca, Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 322, t. 4, f. 2 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. 89, t. 75, f. 2. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 367. 



A. incana, var. glauca, Gray, Manual N. States, 1 ed.423; 3 ed. 461. 



A. incana, Americana, and genuina, Regel in Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xix, 155. 



