CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 165 



SPECKLED ALDER. HOARY ALDER. BLACK ALDEE. 



Newfoundland to the eastern base of the Rocky mountains, south to northern New England, Wisconsin, 

 Minnesota, and eastern Nebraska ; in Europe. 



A small tree, 6 to 7 meters in height, with a trunk 0.10 to 0.15 meter in diameter, or more often a tall, branching 

 shrub; borders of streams and swamps. 



A form with leaves green and glabrous on both sides or slightly pubescent, extending through the mountain 

 ranges of the Pacific region from the Saskatchewan and British Columbia to New Mexico and the southern Sierra 

 Nevadas of California, is 



var. virescens, Watson, Bot. California, ii, 81. 



A. incana, var. glaitca, Regel in Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xix, 154, in part ; Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xxxviir 1 433, in part; 

 De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 189, in part. Watson in King's Rep. v, 326 [not Aiton] ; PI. Wheeler, 17. Rothrock, PI. 

 Wheeler, 5.0 ; Wheeler's Rep. vi, 239. Macoun in Geological Rep. Canada, 1875-'76, 210. 



A. serrulata, var. rugosa, Regel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xxxviii, 432, in part; De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 188, in part. 



Wood light, soft, close-grained, checking in drying ; medullary rays numerous, broad ; color, light brown, the 

 sap-wood nearly white ; specific gravity, 0.4607 ; ash, 0.42 ; preferred and largely used in northern New England 

 in the final baking of bricks, and occasionally, as well as that of A. serrulata, in the manufacture of gunpowder. 



8ALIOAOEJB, 



306. Salix nigra, Marshall, 



Arbustum, 139. Muhlenberg in Neue Schriften Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, iv, 237, t. 4, f. 5 (Ann. Bot. ii, 65, t. 5, f. 5). Willdenow, Spec, iv, 

 657 ; Enum. 1003 ; Berl. Baumz. 2 ed. 426. Pereoon, Syn. ii, 599. Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 324, t. 5, f. 1 ; N. American Sylva, 

 3 ed. iii, 64, 1. 125, f. 1. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 614. Poiret, Suppl. iv, 61. Eaton, Manual, 118, 6ed. 320. Nuttall, Genera, ii,231; 

 Sylva, i, 79 ; 2 ed. i, 94. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 180. Elliott, Sk, ii, 670. Sprengel, Syst. i, 100. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 370 ; Fl. 

 N. York, ii, 209. Forbes, Sal.Woburn. 280. W. Koch, Comment. 17. Beck, Bot. 320. Trautvetter in Mem. Acad. St. Petersburg, iii, 

 614. London, Arboretum, iii, 1529, 1604, f. 8. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 148. Barratt, Sal. Am. No. 19. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 

 408. Dietrich, Syn. v, 419. Seringe, Fl. Jard. ii, 35. Emerson Trees Massachusetts, 271 ; 2 ed. i, 307 & t. Darlington, Fl. 

 Cestrica, 3 ed. 279. Audersson in Ofr. af. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1858, 114 (Proc. Am. Acad. iv,53) ; Kongl. Sven. Akad. Handl. vi, 19, 

 f. 15; De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 200. Darby, Bot. S. States, 508. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 256. Walpere, Ann. v, 744. 

 Chapman, Fl. S. States, 430. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 75. Lesquerenx in Owen's 2d Rep. Arkansas, 



389. Wood, Cl. Book, 654 ; Bot.& Fl. 310. Porcher, Resources S.Forests, 334. Engelmann iu Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. newser. xii, 209. 



Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 460 ; Hall's PI. Texas, 21. Koch, Dendrologie, ii, 513. Young, Bot. Texas, 514. Macoun in Geological 

 Rep. Canada, 1875-76, 210. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 28. Bebb in Bot. California, ii, 83. Sears in Bull. Essex Inst. xiii, 181. 

 Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 86. Hemsley, Bot. Am.-ent. iii, 180 



S. pentanctra, Walter, Fl. C'aroliniaua, 243. 



S. Caroliniana, Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 226. Lamarck, Diet, vi, 662. Poiret, Suppl. v, 62. 



8. Houstoniana, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 614. Poiret, Suppl. v, 68. Sprengel, Syst. i, 107. Elliott, Sk. ii, 670. Trantvetter 

 in Mem. Acad. St. Petersburg, iii, 615. Forbes,' Sal. Wobnrn. 21, t. 21. Eaton & Wright, Bet. 409. 



8. falcata, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 614 [not HBK.]. Poiret, Suppl. v, 70. Sprengel, Syst. i, 107. Forbes, Sal.Woburn. 

 279. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 320. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 149. Barratt, Sal. Am. No. 21. Dietrich, Syn. v, 420. 



? $. ambigua, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 617. Forbes, Sal. Woburn. 282. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 321. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 409. 

 S. ligustrina, Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 326, t. 5, f. 2 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. iii, 65, t. 125, f. 2. Poiret, Suppl. v, 61. 

 8. Plirshiana, Spreugel, Syst. iii, 603. Beck, Bot. 320. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 2 ed. 560. 

 S. flavo-virens, Hornemann in Cat. Hort. Hafn. Suypl. ii, 11. 

 f S. COrdata, var. falcata, Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 370. 



8. nigra, var. falcata, Torrey, Fl. N.York, ii, 209. Carey jn Gray, Manual N. States, 1 ed. 429. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 

 ed. 280. 



