CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 177 



Wood very light, soft, not strong, brittle, rather coarse-grained, compact, very durable in contact with the 

 soil; the bands of small summer cells very thin, dark colored; medullary rays numerous, indistinct; color, light 

 brown, turning darker with exposure, the thiu sap-wood nearly white; specific gravity, 0.3164; ash, 0.37; largely 

 used for posts, fencing, railway ties, and shingles. 



The distilled oil and a tincture of the leaves ot Thuya have been found useful in the treatment of pulmonary 

 and uterine complaints ( U. S. Dispensatory, 14 ed. 1775. Nat. Dispensatory, 2 ed. 1428). 



328. Thuya gigantea, Nuttall, 



Jour. Philadelphia Acad. vii, 52; Sylva, iii, 102, t. iii; 2 ed. ii, 102, t. 111. Loddiges, Cat. ed. 1836. London, Arboretum, Iv, 2458. 

 Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 165. Spach, Hist. Veg. 1 xi, 342. Endlicher, Syn. Couif. 52. Lindley & Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. 

 London, v, 206. Newberry in Paeific R. R. Rep. vi, 50, f. 22. Carricre, Trait. Conif. 102 ; 2ed. 112, in part. Cooper in Smithsonian 

 Rep. 1858,262; Am. Nat. iii, 413. Cordon, Piuetum. 321, in part; Suppl. 102; 2 ed. 181. Torrey, Dot. Mex. Boundary Survey, 

 211. Lyall in Jour. Linmean Soc. vii, 1:53, 144. Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 280, in part. Nelson, Pinacete, 67. Rothrock 

 in Smithsonian Rep. 1867, 434. Parlatoro in De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 ,457. R. Brown Campst. in Trans. Edinburgh Bot. Soc. ix, 

 367. Hoopes, Evergreens, 315. London Card. Chronicle, 1871, 683. Gray in Proc. Am. Aead. vii, 402. Fowler in London Gard. 

 Chronicle, 1872, 1527. Koch, Dcmlrologie, ii-, 176. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 36. E. Hall in Coulters Bot. Gazette, ii, 91. 

 Watson, Bot. California, ii, 115. G. M. Dawsou in Canadian Nat. new ser. ix, 324. T. Howell in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, vi, 

 267. Veitch, Manual Conif. 256. 



T. plicala, Don, Hort. Cantab. 6 ed. 249. Lambert, Piuus, 1 ed. ii,19; 2 ed. 114, in part. Nuttall, Sylva, iii, 103; 2 ed. ii, 

 164. Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 31'.'. Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 51 (excl. syn. TTareana & odorata). Lindley & Gordon in 

 Jour. Hort. Soc. London, v, 205. Knight, Syn. Conif. 16. Carriere, Trait. Conif. 102 (excl. syn. Wareana & odorata); 

 2 ed. 100 (excl. syn. Wareana). Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 262; Pacific E. R. Rep. xii s , 27. Henkel & 

 Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 277 (excl. syn. odorata). Nelson, Pinacea;, 68. Gordon, Pinetum, 2 ed. 406. A. De Candolle, 

 Prodr. xvi 2 , 457, in part. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 36. Veitch, Manual Conif. 263. 



T. Menziexii, Douglas, Mss. Carriere, Trait. Conif. 106; 2 ed. 107. Gordon, Pinetum, 323. Nelson, Piuaoeee, 67. 

 Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 281. 



T. Lobbii, Hort. 



T. oceidentalis, var. plicata, Hort. Hoopes, Evergreens, 321. 



RED CEDAR. CANOE CEDAR. 



Alaska, south along the Coast ranges and islands of British Columbia, through western Washington territory 

 and Oregon and the Coast ranges of northern California to Mendocino county, extending east along the mountains 

 of Washington territory to the Cceur d'Alene, Bitter Root, and Salmon liiver mountains of Idaho and the western 

 slopes of the Rocky mountains of northern Montana (Canby & Sargent). 



A large tree, 30 to 45 meters in height, with a trunk 0.90 to 3.60 meters in diameter; low, rich woods and 

 swamps, less commonly on dry ridges and slopes below 5,200 feet elevation ; common and reaching its greatest 

 development in western Washington territory and Oregon ; the large specimens generally hollow. 



Wood very light, soft, not strong, brittle, rather coarse-grained, compact, easily worked, very durable in 

 contact with the soil; bands of small summer cells thin, dark colored, distinct; medullary rays numerous, 

 obscure; color, dull brown tinged with red, the thin sap-wood nearly white; specific gravity, 0.3796; ash, 0.17; 

 largely used for interior finish, fencing, shingles, in cabinet-making and cooperage, and exclusively by the Indians 

 of the northwest coast in the manufacture of their canoes. 



329. Chamaecyparis sphaeroidea, Spach, 



Hist. Veg. xi, 331. Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 61. Lindley & Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, v, 209. Knight, Syn. Conif. 20. 

 Carriere, Trait. Conif. 133 ; 2 ed. 122. Gordon, Pinetum, 49 ; 2 ed. 71. Heukel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 248. Nelson, Pinacese, 

 69. Parlatore in De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 464. Ridgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 87. 



CupreSSUS thyoides, Linnaeus, Spec. 1 ed. 1003. Kalm, Travels, English ed. ii, 174. Du Roi, Harbk. ii, 198. Marshall, 

 Arbustum, 39. Wangenheim, Ainer. 8, t. 2, f. 4. Aiton, Hort. Kew. iii, 372; 2 ed. v, 323. Bartram, Travels, 2 ed. 

 409. Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 208. Willdenow, Spec, iv, 512; Enuin. 991; Berl. Baumz. 111. Nouveau Duhamel, 

 iii, 6. Persoon, Syn. ii, 580. Destbntaines, Hist. Arb. ii, 567. Schkuhr, Haudb. iii, 286, t. 310. Michaux f. Hist. 

 Arb. Am. iii, 20, t. 2; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. iii, 162, t. 152. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 646. Eaton, Manual, 111; 6 

 ed. 115. Nnttall, Genera, ii, 224. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 178. Elliott, Sk. ii, 644. Watson, Bond. Brit, ii, 156. Torrey, 

 Compend. Fl. N. States, 361 ; Fl. N. York, ii, 233. Beck, Bot. 338. Loudon, Arboretum, iv, 2475, f. 2327. Forbes, 

 Pinetum Woburn. 183, t. 61. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 165. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 215. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 

 387. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 98; 2 ed. i, 114. Richardson, Arctic Exped. 442. Darby, Bot. S. States, 516. 

 Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 257. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 435. Curtis in Rep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 

 1860, iii, 28. Wood, Cl. Book, 663; Bot. & Fl. 315. Porcher, Resources S. Forests, 509. Gray, Manual N. States, 

 5 ed. 473. Hoopes, Evergreens, 346. Koch, Dendrologie, ii 2 , 162. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 36. Veitch, Manual 

 Couif. 238. 



Thuya SphcEroidea, Sprengel, Syst. iii, 889. 



Tliuya sphceroidalis, Richard, Conif. 45, t. 8, f. 2. 

 12 FOB 



