178 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



WHITE CEDAR. 



Southern Maine, souVh near the coast to northern Florida, and along the Gulf coast to the valley of the Pearl 

 river, Mississippi. 



A tree 24 to 27 meters in height, with a trunk O.CO to 1.20 meter in diameter ; in deep, cold swamps ; rare in 

 the Gulf states, west of the bay of Mobile. 



Wood very light and soft, not strong, close-grained, compact, easily worked, very durable in contact with the 

 soil; bands of small summer cells thin, dark colored, conspicuous; medullary rays numerous, obscure; color, 

 light brown tinged with red, growing darker with exposure, the sap-wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.3322; ash, 

 0.33; largely used in boat-building, for woodenware, cooperage, shingles, interior finish, telegraph and fence posts, 

 railway ties, etc. 



Along the Atlantic coast from JSTew Jersey southward lumber is manufactured from buried trunks of this 

 species dug from peat swamps. 



330. Chamaecyparis Nutkaensis, Spach, 



Hist. Veg. xi, 333. Nnttall, Sylva, Hi, 105; 2 ed. ii, Ifi5. Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 62. Ledebour, Fl. Eosaica, iii, 680. Lindley & 

 Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, v, 209. Carrifcre, Trait. Conif. 134 ; 2 ed. 127. Walpers, Ann. v, 796. Henkel & Hochstetter, 

 Nadelholz, 250. Parlatore iii Do Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 465. Hall in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, ii, 91. G. M. Dawson in Canadian 

 Nat. 2 ser. ix, 329. 



CupreSSUS Nootlcatensis, Lambert, Finns, 1 ed. ii, 18 ; 2 ed. ii, No. 60. London, Arboretum, iv, 2480. 



CupreSSUS Nutkaensis, Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 165. Newberry in Pacific E. E. Eep. vi, 63, f. 28. Gordon, Pinetum, 66; 

 2 ed. 94. Cooper in Smithsonian Eep. 1858, 263. Nelson, Pinacea?, 74. Hoopes, Evergreens, 345. Lawson, Pinetnm 

 Brit, ii, 199, t. 34, f. 1-12. Koch, Dendrologie, ii 2 , 165. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 36. Maconn in Geological Eep. 

 Canada, 1876-77, 211. Veitch, Manual Conif. 235. 



Thuya excelsa, Bongard in Mem. Acad. St. Petersburg, 6 ser. ii, 164. 

 CupreSSUS Americana, Trautvetter, Imag. PI. Fl. Eossica, 12, t. 7. 



G. Nufkaensis, var. glauca, Walpers, Ann. v, 769- 



^ 

 Thuyopsis borealis, Hort. Carriere, Trait. Couif. 1 ed. 113. 



Thuyopsis cupressoides, Carriere, Man. des PI. iv, 324. 



G. excelsa, Fischer in herb. Sitka. 



Thuyopsis TchugatsTcoy and T. Tchugatskoyce, Hort. 



YELLOW CYPRESS. SITKA CYPRESS. 



Sitka, south along the islands and. Coast ranges of British Columbia and the Cascade mountains of Washington 

 territory and Oregon to the valley of the Santiau river, Oregon (" Lucky Camp mountain", Cuswk). 



A large tree of great economic value, 30 to 33 meters in height, with a trunk 1.20 to 1.80 meter in diameter, 

 or toward its southern limits and at high elevations much smaller ; common along the coast at the sea-level to 

 about latitude 49 30' X., then less common and only at higher elevations; south of British Columbia hardly below 

 5,000 feet elevation and very rare and local ; the most valuable timber tree of Alaska. 



Wood light, hard, not strong, brittle, very close-grained, compact, very durable in contact with the soil, easily 

 worked, satiny, susceptible of a beautiful polish, possessing an agreeable, resinous odor ; bands of small summer 

 cells thin, not conspicuous ; medullary rays thin, numerous, hardly distinguishable ; color, bright, light clear 

 yellow, the thin sap-wood nearly white ; specific gravity, 0.4782 ; ash, 0.34 ; somewhat used in boat- and ship- 

 building, for furniture, interior finish, etc., probably unsurpassed in beauty as a cabinet wood by that of any North 

 American tree. 



331. Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana, Parlatore, 



Stnd. Organ. Conif. 23, 29, t. 3, f. 22-25; De Candolie, Prodr. xvi 2 , 464. Gordon, Pinetum, 2 ed. 85. Watson, Bot. California, ii, 

 155. Sargent in London Gard. Chronicle, 1881, 8. 



Cupressus Lawsoniana, Murray in Edinburgh New Phil. Jour, new ser. i, 292, t. 9. Bot. Mag. t. 5581. Nelson, Pinaceie, 

 72. Cooper in Smithsonian Eep. 1858, 263. Lawson, Pinetnm Brit, ii, 191, t. 31, f. 1-13. Hoopes, Evergreens 

 342, f. 53. Heukel & Hochstetter, Nadolholz. 240. Fowler in London Gard. Chronicle, 1872, 285. London Garden, vii 

 508 &t. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 36. Veitch, Manual Conif. 231. Eichler in Monatsb. Acad. Berl. 1881, f. 29,30. 



CupreSSUS fro f/rans, Kellogg in Proc. California Acad. i, 103. 

 f Cupressus attenuata, Gordon, Pinetum, 1 ed. 57 ; 2 ed. 79. 

 C. Boursierii, Carriere, Trait. Conif. 2 ed. 125 [not Decaisne]. 

 C. NutJcamiS, Torrey, Bot. Wilkes Exped. 1. 16. 



