CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 181 



JUNIPER. 



Western base of the Wahsatch mountains, Utah, to eastern California, south through the Great Basin to 

 southeastern California (I'rimjlc) and the San Francisco mountains, eastern Arizona (Greene). 



A small, contorted tree, 6 to 9 meters in height, with a trunk 0.60 to 0.90 meter in diameter, or more often a 

 tali, much-branched shrub ; very common through the elevated valleys and along the lower slopes of all the ranges 

 of central and southern Utah and Nevada, and the most generally distributed arborescent species of the region. 



Wood light, soft, close-grained, compact, very durable in contact with the soil; color, light brown, the thick 

 sap-wood nearly white ; specific gravity, 0.5522 ; ash, 0.49; the common fuel and fencing material of the region. 



337. Juniperus pachyphloea, Torrey, 



Pacific R. R. Rep. iv, 142; J5ot. ilex, Boundary .Survey, 210 ; Ives' Rep. 28. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 263. Henkel A 

 Huclistetter, Nadelholz. 247. Carriere, Trait. Conif. 2 ed. 56. Parlatore iu De Candollo, Prodr. xvi 2 , 490. Gordon, Pinetum, 2 ed. 

 164. Engeimaun in Trans. St. Louis Ac-ad, iii, 589: Wheeler's Rep. vi,264. Palmer in Am. Nat. xii,593. Veitch, Manual Conif. 

 289. Rusby in Bull. Torrey But. Club,ix,?9. Hemsley, Bot. Am. -Cent, iii, 184. 



J. plochydermrt, Torrey in Sitgreaves' Rep. 17:1, t. 1C.. 

 J. Sabinu pachyphlcea, Autoiue, Kupress. lit). 



JTJNIPEK. 



Eagle and Limpia mountains (Havnrd), west along the ranges of western Texas, southern New Mexico and 

 Arizona south of latitude 34; southward into Mexico. 



A tree 9 to 15 meters in height, with a trunk 0.60 to 1.20 meter in diameter; dry, stony slopes and ridges, 

 generally between 2,000 and 3,000 feet elevation ; the prevailing and largest juniper of the mountains of western 

 Texas. 



Wood light, soft, not strong, brittle, very close-grained, compact, susceptible of a fine polish ; bands of small 

 summer cells very thin, dark colored, not conspicuous ; medullary rays numerous, obscure ; color, clear light red, 

 often streaked with yellow, the thin sap-wood nearly white; specific gravity, 0.5829; ash, 0.11. 



338. Juniperus occidentalis, Hooker, 



Fl. Bor.-Am.ii, 166. Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 26. Lindley & Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, v, 202. Carriere, Conif. 42, in part; 2 

 ed. 40, in part. Torrey in Pacific R. R. Rep. iv, 142. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 263. Gordon, Piuetum, 117 (excl. syn.); Suppl. 

 38 (excl. syn. ) ; 2 cd. 162 (excl. syn.). Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 345, in part. Nelson, Pinaceae, 142. Hoopes, Evergreens, 

 299 (oxcl. syu. Californica). Parlatore in De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 489, in part. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 37. Macoun in Geological 

 Rep. Canada, 1875-'?6, 211. Palmer in Am. Nat. xii, 594. Watson, Bot. California, ii, 113. Veitch, Manual Conif. 289. 



J. excelsa, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 647. Nuttall, Genera, ii, 245. 



J. -Andina, Nuttall.Sylvn, iii, 95. 1. 110; 2 ed. ii, 157, 1. 110. Carriere, Trait. Conif. 2 ed. 55. 



Chamcecyparis Boursierii, Dei-aixue iu Bull. Soc. Bot. France,!, 70. 



J. Hermanni, Koch, Dendrologie, ii-, 141 [not Sprengel]. 



J. occidentalis, var. plewnperma, Engelmanu in Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 590. 



J. pyriformis, Hort. 



JUNIPER. 



Blue mountains and high prairies of eastern Washington territory and Oregon, Cascade mountains of Oregon, 

 valley of the Klamath river, California, and south along the high ridges of the Sierra Nevada, between 7,000 and 

 10,000 feet elevation, to the San Bernardino mountains (Pariah Bros.}. 



A tree 9 to 15 meters in height, with a trunk 1.20 to 2.10 meters in diameter, or often a low, much-branched 

 shrub; dry, rocky ridges and prairies, reaching its greatest development in the California sierras. 



Wood light, soft, very close-grained, compact, very durable, in contact with the soil; bands of small summer 

 cells thin, not conspicuous; medullary rays numerous, very obscure ; color, light red or brown, the sap-wood nearly 

 white; specific gravity, 0.5765; ash, 0.12; largely used for fencing and fuel. 



Var. monosperma, Engelmanu, 

 Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii, 590 ; Wheeler's Rep. vi, 263. Veitch, Manual Conif. 289. Rusby in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, ix, 79. 



