CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 205 



384. Picea Engelmanni, Engelmann, 



Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 212; Wheeler's Rep. vi, 256; London Gard. Chronicle, 1879, 334; 1882, 145. Carriere, Trait. Conif. 2 ed. 

 348. G. M. Dawsou in Canadian Nat. new ser. ix, 325. Rnsby in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, ix, 80. 



Abies alba, f Torrey in Fremont's Rep. 97. 



Abies nigra, Engelmann in Am. Jour. Sci. 2 ser. xxxiii, 330 [not Poiret]. 



Abies Engelmanni, Parry in Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 122; London Gard. Chronicle, 1863, 1035; Am. Nat. viii, 179; Proc. 

 Davenport Acad. i, 149. Regel, Gartenflora, 1864, 244. Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 418. Hoopes, Evergreens, 

 177, f. 22. Watson in King's Rep. v, 332; PI. Wheeler, 17. Porter in Hayden'sRep. 1871, 494. Porter & Coulter, Fl. 

 Colorado ; Huyden's Snrv. Misc. Pub. No. 4, 130. Vaaey, Cat. Forest Trees, 33. Koch, Dendrologie, ii 2 , 242. Hall in 

 Coulter's Bot. Gazette, ii, 91. Sargent in London Gard. Chronicle, 1877, 631. Macoun in Geological Rep. Canada, 

 1875-76, 211. Braudegee in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 32. Bell in Geological Rep. Canada, 1879-'80, 56 C . Veitch, 

 Manual Conif. (if. 



PinitS Engelmanni, Eugelmann in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. new ser. xii, 209. 



Pinus commutata, Parlatore in De Candolle, Prodr. xvi-, 417. Gordon, Piuetum, 2 ed. 5. 



WHITE SPRUCE. 



Peace River plateau, iii latitude 55 46' N. (G. M. Daics'on), through the interior of British Columbia and along 

 the Cascade mountains of Washington territory aud Oregon to the valley of the Mackenzie river ; along the 

 principal ranges of the Kocky and Wahsatch mountains to the San Francisco mountains, Sierra Blanco, and mount 

 Graham, Arizona. 



A large tree, 24 to 46 meters in height, with a trunk 0.90 to 1.20 meter in diameter, or at its extreme elevation 

 reduced to a low, prostrate shrub ; dry, gravelly slopes and ridges between 5,000 and 11,500 feet elevation ; the 

 most valuable timber tree of the central Rocky Mountain region, here forming extensive forests, generally above 

 8,500 feet elevation ; rare and of small size in the mountains of Washington territory, Oregon, and Montana. 



Wood very light, soft, not strong, very close, straight-grained, compact, satiny ; bands of small summer cells 

 narrow, not conspicuous, resin passages few, minute ; medullary rays numerous, conspicuous ; color, pale yellow 

 tinged with red, the sap-wood hardly distinguishable ; specific gravity, 0.3449 ; ash, 0.32 ; in Colorado manufactured 

 into lumber aud largely used for fuel, charcoal, etc. 



The bark rich in tannin, and in Utah sometimes used in tanning leather. 



NOTE. Forms of northern Montana too closely connect this species with the allied P. alba. The two species occur here, however, 

 only at different elevations, in different soils, and never mingle. 



385. Picea pungens, Engelmann, 



London Gard. Chronicle, 1879, 334 ; 18S2, 145. Masters in London Gard. Chronicle, 1883, 725, f. 130. 

 P. Menziesii, Engelmaun in Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 214 [not Carriere]. 



Abies Menziesii, Engelmann in Am. Jonr. Sci. 2 ser. xxxiii, 330 [not Lindley]. Gray in Proc. Philadelphia Acad. 1863, 

 76. Watson in King's Rep. v, 333, in part. Parry in Am. Nat. viii, 179 [not Lindley]. Porter in Hayden's Rep. 1871, 

 494. Hoopes, Evergreens, 166, in parl. Rothrock in PI. Wheeler, 28 ; Wheeler's Rep. vi, 10 [not Lindley]. Porter & 

 Coulter, Fl. Colorado ; Hayden's Surv. Misc. Pub. No. 4, 131 [not Lindley]. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 33, in part. 

 Brandegee in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 32. 



Abies Menziesii Parryana, AndrS in 111. Hort. xxiii, 198 ; xxiv, 53, 119. Roezl in 111. Hort. xxiv, 86. 

 Abies Engelmanni glauca, Veitch, Manual Conif. 69. 



WHITE SPRUCE. BLUE SPRUCE. 







Valley of the Wind river, south through the mountain ranges of Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah. 



A tree 30 to 46 meters in height, with a trunk 0.60 to 0.90 meter in diameter ; borders of streams, in damp or 

 wet soil, generally between 6,000 and 9,000 feet elevation, never forming forests or reaching as high elevations as 

 the allied P. Engelmanni; rare and local. 



Wood very light, soft, weak, close-grained, compact, satiny ; bands of small summer cells narrow, not conspicuous, 

 resin passages few, small ; medullary rays numerous, prominent ; color, very light brown or often nearly white, the 

 sap-wood hardly distinguishable; specific gravity, 0.3740; ash, 0.38. 



