CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 209 



391. Pseudotsuga Douglasii, Carriere, 



Trait. Conif. 2 ed. 256. Engelraauu in Wheeler's Rep. vi,257; But. California, ii, 120. G. M. Dawson in Canadian Nat. new ser. ix,323. 

 Eichler in Mouat.sb. Acud. B.-rl. 1-f-l, I'. Ir'-Pi. Rnsby in Bull. Torrey Hot. Club, ix, 79. 



PinilS taxifolia, Lambert, Finns, led. i,fil, t.3:!: '-'ed. \,;,ff, 1.36: 3ed. ii,82, t.47. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii,f>40. Smith in Roes' 

 Cycl. xxviii.No. ->*. Sprenyel, Syst. ii. ~-7>. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 204. Eaton &. Wright, Bot. 35H. 



Abies tax if ol ill, iVirrt in Lamarck, Diet, vi, 523. Noiiveau Duhauicl, v, 293. Torrey <k Gray in Pacific It. R. Rep. ii, 130. 

 Cooper in Smithsonian Kep. l.s">s, >(;>; Pacific R. R. Rep. xii-,69. 



A&ies J)oitgl(ixii, Lindlryin Pean. Cycl, i, 32. London, Arboretum, iv, 2319, f. 23:10. Forbes, Piuetum Woburn. 127, t. 45. 

 Bentham.Pi. Hart\vog.r.7. Nuttall, Sylvn, iii, 1;*), t, 115; -2 ed. ii, 187, 1. 115. Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 423. Knight, Syn. 

 Conif. 37. Lindley & Gordon in. I our. Hrl. Sue. l ; ondon, v,20'.'. London Gard. Chronicle, 1854, 163. Bigelow in Pacific 

 R. R. Rep. iv, 17. Torrey m 1'aeilie ],'. !>'. !Jep. iv, 141; Bot. Mex. Boundary Survey, 210; Ives' Kep. 2^. Newbe-rry in 

 Pacific R. R. Kep. vi,54. 90, t. 8, f. 20. Gordon, Pinetnm, 15 ;Snppl. 10; 2 ed.2l. Coo])er in Smithsonian Rep. 1858,262; 

 PacilicR. R. Rep. xii-,24, U'J; Am. Nat. iii, 111. Wood, Bot. & Fl. 313. Eiigelmann in Am. Jour. Sci.2 ser. xxxiv, 330; 

 Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. new ser. xii,2<ll>. Lval! in Jonr. Linmeau Soc. vii, 131, 133, 143. Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 

 155. Nelson, Pinaeeir, 32. K'othrock in Smithsonian Kep. iyt>7, 433; PI. Wheeler, 28, 50; Wheeler's Rep. vi, 9. 

 Hoopes, Evtrgrei us, l.-'J. Lsiwson, Piuetum Brit, ii, 115, 1. 17, 16, f. 1-23. Porter in Haydcn's Rep. 1871, 494. Watson 

 in King's Rep. v,:>34 ; PI. Wheeler, 17. Fowler in London Ganl. Chronicle, 1872,75. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. vii, 402. 

 Koch, Dentlrologie, ii-, 255. Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colorado ; Hayden's Surv. Misc. Pub. No. 4, 131. Murray in London 

 Gard. Chronicle. ]S72, 10G. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 33 Hayden in Warren's Rep. Nebraska & Dakota, 2 ed. 122. 

 Macoim in Geological Rep. Canada, lt-75-'7(>, 211. Hall in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, ii, 91. Brandegee in Coulter's Bot. 

 Gazette, iii, 32. Veiteli, Manual Conif. 119, f. 35. 



Abies mucronata, Raiiuesque, Jour. Atlaut. 119. Endlicher, Syn. C oiiif. 126. Lindley & Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, 

 v, -.'13. Carriere, Trait. Couif. 268 ; 2 ed. 312. 



f Abies mucronata pallistris, Ranuesque, Jour. Atlaut. 129. Carriere, Trait. Couif. 268 ; 2 ed. 313. 



Pinus Douglasii, Lambert, Pinus, 1 ed. iii, 163, t. 21. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am.ii, 162, 1. 183. Antoiue, Conif. 84, t. 33, f. 3. 

 Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Beechey,394. Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 87. Torrey in Sitgreaves' Rep. 173. Parlatore in De 

 Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 430. McNab in Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 2 ser. ii, 703, t. 49, f. 32, 32", 32 b . 



Abies Douglasii, var. taxifolia, London, Arboretum, iv, 2319, f. 2231. Gordon, Pinetum, 16; 2 ed. 25. Henkel & 

 Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 156. 



Pinus Douglasii, var. brevibracteata, Antoine, Conif. 84, t. 33, f. 4. 



Picea Douglasii, Link in Liuna?a, xv, 524. 



Tsuga Douglasii, Carriere, Trait. Conif. 192. Bolander in Proc. California Acad. iii, 232. 



Tsuga Lindleyana, Roezl, Cat. Grain Mex. 8. 



RED FIR. YELLOW "FIR. OREGON PINE. DOUGLAS FIR. 



Coast ranges and interior plateau of British Columbia south of latitude 55 N. (not reaching the coast archipelago 

 north of Vancouver's island), east to the eastern slope of the Rocky mountains in latitude 51 N". (Bow Eiver pass, 

 Macoun) ; south along the mountain ranges of Washington territory, Oregon, the California Coast ranges, and the 

 western slope of the Sierra Nevadas, through the mountain ranges east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and the 

 Gmulalupe mountains of Texas ; iti the Wahsatch and Uintah mountains, the ranges of northern and eastern 

 Arizona, and southward into Mexico; not detected in the interior region between the Sierra Nevada and the 

 Wahsutch mountains, south of the Blue mountains of Oregon, and north of Arizona. 



A large tree, 61 to 92 meters in height, with a trunk 0.8.3 to 3.66 meters iit diameter, or in the Itocky mountains 

 much smaller, here rarely 30 meters in height ; the most generally-distributed and valuable timber tree of the 

 Pacific region, growing from the sea-level to au elevation in Colorado of nearly 10,000 feet ; often forming extensive 

 forests, almost to the exclusion of other species, and reaching in western Oregon and Washington territory its 

 greatest development and value. 



Wood hard, strong, varying greatly with age and conditions of growth in density, quality, and amount of sap; 

 difficult to work, durable ; bands of small summer cells broad, occupying fully naif the width of the annual growth, 

 dark colored, conspicuous, soon becoming flinty and difficult to cut ; medullary rays numerous, obscure ; color, varying 

 from light red to yellow, the sap-wood nearly white ; specific gravity, 0.5157 ; ash, 0.08 ; largely manufactured into 

 lumber and used for all kinds of construction, railway ties, piles, fuel, etc.; two varieties, red and yellow fir, are 

 distinguished by lumbermen, dependent probably upon the age of the tree ; the former coarse-grained, darker 

 colored, and considered less valuable than yellow fir. 



The bark is found valuable in tannins leather. 

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