212 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



395. Abies grandis, Lindley, 



Penn. Cycl.i,:!0. Forbes, Piuetum Woburn. 123, t. 43. Spach, Hist. Vfg. xi, 422. Nuttall, Sylva, iii, 134; 2 ed. ii, 192. Lindlcy & 

 Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, v, 210. Carriere, Trait. Conif, 220; 2 ed. 296 (excl. syn.). Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 

 262; Pacilic K. R. Rep. xii-, 25, <'.!: -Via. Nat. iii, 410. Wood. Bot. & Fl. 314. Lyall in Jour. Linnseau Soc. vii, 143. Bolauder 

 in Proc. California Acad. iii, 2:52. Heiikel & Hoclistetter, Nadelholz. lt>0. Nelson, Piuaceie, 38. Hoopes, Evergreens, 211. 

 Bertram! in Bull. Soe. Bot. France, xviii, 378. Va.sey, Cat. Forest Trees, 3-1. Hall in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, ii, 91. Macoun in 

 Geological Rep. Canada, 1 C 7.V7;;, 211. Engeliiiann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii, 593; London Gard. Chronicle, 1879, 684; 1880, 

 660, f. 119; Bot. California, ii, US. (i. M. Dawsim in Canadian Nat. new ser. ix, 320. Masters in London Gard. Chronicle, 1881, 

 179, f. 33-3<>. Veiteb, Manual Coiiif. 97, f.23, 24. 



Pinna grandis, Douglas in Companion Bot. Mag. ii, 147. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 163. Antoine, Conif. 63, t. 25, f. 1. Hooker 

 & Arnott, Bot. Beechey, 394. Eudlicher, Syn. Conif. 105. Parlatore in De Caudolle, Prodr. xvi-, 427 (excl. syn.). 

 McKab in Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 2 ser. ii, 678, t. 46, f. 4, 4 a . 



?A. aromatica, Ratino.sqnc;, Atlant. Jour. 119. Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 125. Lindley & Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. 

 London, v, 213. Carriere, Trait. Conif. 26(5; 2 ed. 310. 



Picea grandis, London, Arboretum, iv, 2341, f. 2245,2246, in part. Knight, Syn. Conif. 39. Gordon, Pinetum, 155; Snppl. 

 5 (excl. syn. I'arsoimii); 2 ed. 216. Newberry in Pacific R. R. Rep. vi, 46, 90, f. 16, t. 6, in part. Murray in London 

 Gard. Chronicle, 1875, 135, f. 28. 



A. Gordoniatia, Carriere, Trait. Conif. 2 ed. 298 (excl. syn. Parsonsii}. Bertram! in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xviii, 379. 

 A. amabiliit, Murray in Proc. Hort. Soc. London, iii, 310, f. 22-24 [not Forbes]. 



WHITE FIR. 



Vancouver's island, south to Mendocino county, California, near the coast; interior valleys of western 

 Washington territory and Oregon south' to the Unipqua river, Cascade mountains below 4,000 feet elevation, 

 through the Blue mountains of Oregon (Cusick) to the eastern slope of the Coeur d'Alene mountains (Cooper-), the 

 Bitter Hoot mountains, Idaho ( Watson), and the western slopes of the Eocky mountains of northern Montana 

 (Flathead region, Canby & Sargent). 



A large tree, 61 to 92 meters in height, with a trunk 0.90 to 1.50 meter in diameter; most common and reaching 

 its greatest development in the bottom lauds of western Washington territory and Oregon in rich, moist soil ; or 

 moist mountain slopes, then much smaller, rarely exceeding 30 meters in height. 



Wood very light, soft, not strong, coarse-grained, compact; bauds of small summer cells broader than in other 

 American species, dark colored, resinous, conspicuous; medullary rays numerous, obscure; color, light brown, 

 the sap-wood rather lighter; specific gravity, 0.3545; ash, 0.49; in western Oregon manufactured into lumber and 

 used for interior finish, packing-cases, cooperage, etc. 



396. Abies COncolor, Lindlcy & Gordon, 



Jonr. Hort. Soc. London, v, 210. Parry in Am. Nat. ix, 204. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 34. Eugelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii, 

 600; Wheeler's Rep. vi, 255; London Gard. Chronicle, 1879, 684, f. 114, 115; Bot. California, ii, 118. Brandegee in Coulter's Bot. 

 Gazette, iii, 32. Masters in London Gard. Chronicle, 1879, 684, f. 114, 115. Veitch, Manual Conif. 93. 



Pinus COncolor, Engelmann in herb. ; Parlatore in De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 5 , 426. McNab in Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 2 ser. 

 ii,681, t.46, f.6. 



Picea COncolor, Gordon, Pinetum, 155; 2 ed. 216. Murray in London Gard. Chronicle, 1875, 135, f. 26. 



Pinus lasiocarpa, Balfour in Rep. Oregon Exped. i, t. 4, f. 1 [not Hooker]. Murray in Proc. Hort. Soc. London, iii, 314, f. 

 25. Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 429. 



?A. balmmea, Bigelow in Pacific R. R. Rep. iv, 18 [not Miller]. Torrey in Pacific R. R. Rep. iv, 141. 



Picea grandis, Newberry in Pacific R. R. Rep. vi, 46, in part. 



Abies grandis, Can-iere, Trait. Conif.; 2 ed. 296, in part. Watson in PI. Wheeler, 17 [not Lindley]. 



Picea Lowiana, Gordon, Pinetum, Suppl. 53; 2 ed. 218. Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 419. 



A. Lowiana, Murray in Proc. Hort. Soc. London, iii, 317, f. 38-41. 



A. amabilis, Watson in King's Rep. v,333 [not Forbes]. 



A. grandis, var. Lowiana, Hoopes, Evergreens, 212. 



Pinus grandis, Parlatore in De Candolle, Prodr. xvi 2 , 427, in part. 



Picea COncolor^ var. violacea, Murray in London Gard. Chronicle, 1875, 464, f. 94,95. 



Pinus Lowiana, McNab in Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 2 ser. ii, 680, t. 46, f. 5. 



A. lasiocarpa, Hort, [not Nuttall]. 



A. Parsonsii, Hort, 



