9 



Podocarpus milanjianus (often reaching a large size and regenerating 

 freely under shade), Albizzia fastigiata (mukuruwe), Pygeum africanum 

 (mueri), Allophyllus abyssinicus (mushami), Weihea africana (musaizi), 

 OleaHochstetteri (musharagi), Warburgia ugandensis (muziga), Rapanea 

 rhododendroides (mugaita), Cornus Volkensii (mukorombosi), Vangueria 

 infausta (mubirungombe), Ekebergia Ruepelliana (mununga), Gelonium 

 procerum (munyenye), Dombeya Mastersii (mukao), Panax sp. ? (mutati), 

 Conopharyngia sp. (mwelele), Xymalos monospora (mwagwa), Garcinia 

 Gerrardii (munyawa), Webera sp. (musigetu), Vitex keniensis (moru), 

 Ochna sp. (mungarima), and a lofty sapotaceous tree, Mimusops sp. 

 (muna), with a buttressed base; in open places two soft- wooded fast- 

 growing euphorbiaceous trees, Neoboutonia macroccdyx (mutundu) and 

 Macaranga sp. (mukuhakuha), spring up in great abundance. 



Where the canopy is unbroken the undergrowth consists of ever- 

 green shrubs and small trees, rubiaceous species being prominent, as well 

 as two species of Dracaena; in very moist forest the undergrowth may 

 be dense and impenetrable, but frequently it is possible to walk through 

 it without discomfort. There is often an abundant growth of ferns on 

 the ground, and in moist ravines there is a luxuriant growth of tree 

 ferns, wild banana and giant lobelia (Lobelia Gibberoa), which sometimes 

 attains a height of 30 feet or more. Climbers are numerous, some 

 reaching a large size, and epiphytes are well represented, the trees being 

 often festooned with moss and ferns, while large epiphytic figs are in 

 evidence. 



Where the canopy is heavily opened out, an entirely different under- 

 growth makes its appearance, the ground becoming covered with a dense 

 impenetrable mass of shrubby and herbaceous growth, characteristic 

 plants being Triumfetta, Rubus, and various Labiatae Compositae, Mal- 

 vaceae, Acanthaceae, Solanaceae, etc., which are cemented together by 

 various climbers, including Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Vitis, Thun- 

 bergia, Clerodendron' and others. In open places Cassia didymobotrya, 

 a tall shrub with handsome yellow flowers, is found in masses, and the 

 bracken fern is often plentiful along the edge of the forest and in the 

 open ground outside it. 



(8) Other evergreen types. An evergreen type, drier in character 

 than the moist rain forests, occurs at elevations usually between 6,500 

 and 7,500 feet, and with a rainfall of perhaps 45 to 55 inches. The 

 component species include some of those of the cedar forests on the one 

 hand and the moist rain forests on the other, and the type may be taken 

 to be a transition form between these two main types ; the vegetation is 

 of a drier and less luxuriant character than in the case of the rain 

 forests, but there is often a dense undergrowth of evergreen shrubs. In 

 places this type merges into the plateau type. Among the commoner 

 trees met with are : Olea chrysophylla, 0. Hochstetteri, Weihea africana, 

 Calodendron capense, Teclea sp., Ochna sp., Nuxia congesta, Canthium 

 Schimperianum, Warburgia ugandensis, Maba abyssinica, Ekebergia 

 Ruepelliana, Pygeum africanum, Bersama abyssinica, Eugenia spp., 

 Ficus spp. and others. Sometimes cedar trees are found scattered in this 

 type, while sometimes the remains of cedar stumps indicate that this 

 tree once existed but had failed to regenerate itself. This type of forest 

 would probably prove suitable for artificial conversion into cedar forest. 



Among other types may be mentioned that in which the prevailing 

 tree is Pygeum africanum, a type well developed in the cool moist region 

 above the Kikuyu escarpment, at an elevation of 8,000 feet and with a 

 rainfall of 55 inches. In the same region occur pure forests of Dombeya 

 Masterii, often associated with bamboos. 

 [243466] 2 



