THE COUNTRY 349° 
world except by compulsion of one sort or another; a 
blessed and universal compulsion drives us all to toil. 
Most of all does the child nature of the black man need 
its beneficent pressure. Least of all men does his environ- 
ment supply it. He can sit in the sun and drink him- 
self stupid on pomba, as alas! millions of natives do, while 
his wives and children easily accomplish the shallow tillage 
which is sufficient to provide him with food and drink; 
but where, in such an existence, are there any oppor- 
tunities for advancement? 
The misguided philanthropist again would insist on 
his being allowed to remain in the absolute possession of 
large portions of his land which should be interdicted to 
the white settler. ‘There are places where it would seem 
to be advisable so to protect him, though the areas should 
not be too large, but a real knowledge of the local con- 
ditions is most necessary before any such arrangements are 
made. Generally speaking, the larger the native reserva- 
tion, the harder it proves to reach, govern or educate the 
native, and the more strongly he intrenches himself in 
barbarism, adding to the ignorance and evils to which 
he is heir, those he too readily acquires from the white 
man. 
The one thing that seems evident to every intelligent 
friend of the native to-day is that at all costs he must be 
made to work. Wants, new wants, must be created in him. 
Those of his would-be friends who ignore or forget this 
are doing what they can to make him in the end a dis- 
possessed and perishing outcast. 
Africa cannot be for ever left to savagery, or to savage 
men. The world needs Africa — needs what Africa can 
produce. Land-hunger among the peoples will not languish, 
it must increase. The death-rate of the East is falling. 
Famines and pestilence are being by science and phil- 
anthropy restrained. Vast rich tracts of earth’s surface 
