146 



ELEMENTS OF HIPPOLOGY. 



away from the shoe. It is a bad practice that is resorted to 

 only by lazy horseshoers. It should not be tolerated. 



Figure 95 shows a foot that has been prepared for its shoe 

 in a very common way, but in a way that violates the last three 

 principles. The sole 

 has been pared out, 

 the wall cut down too 

 much, the frog trim- 

 med, the bars cut 

 away, and, to com- 

 plete the iniquity, the 

 seat for the new shoe 

 has been burned out. 



All of these abuses 

 are easy of detection, 

 except the last, by a 

 very casual inspection 

 of the shod horse. 



All shoes should 

 be flat to the sole, 

 not seated in. 



Make the shoe to 

 fit the foot, neither 

 longer nor smaller nor 

 wider than the wall, 

 except at the heels, 

 where it may be not 

 to exceed one-eighth 

 of an inch wider 

 than the crust. This 

 last provision is to cause the shoe to keep its bearing as the 

 growth of the wall brings it forward. 



Five nails are sufficient, three on the outside and two 

 on the inside. 



Figure 95. 

 Sole pared out, bars cut away, seat for 

 shoe burned in with a hot shoe. 



