ELEMENTS OF HIPPO LOGY. 199 



destroys the diseased tissues; the bluestone has much the same 

 caustic effect and it is also a tonic. This powder is dusted on 

 the frog, which is then packed with oakum, held in place with a 

 bandage, a leather boot, or a leather sole put on under the shoe. 



For sore backs, use the familiar " white lotion" — four 

 tablespoons each of sulphate of zinc and carbolic acid in one 

 quart of water. The carbolic acid is of more value if the skin 

 is chafed than when it is unbroken. Its virtue lies principally 

 in its germ-destroying power. This lotion is rubbed by hand 

 on the saddle-gall, if the skin is not broken, and applied to an 

 open sore with a sponge. 



If the sore back degenerates into a sitfast, the indurated, 

 scabby portion should be cut out by a veterinarian, and the 

 wound of operation then treated like an ordinary wound. 



Care should be taken that sore backs and sitfasts are not 

 chafed; no treatment will cure them as long as the conditions 

 causing them continue to exist. 



Colic is often caused in horses that are exhausted by per- 

 mitting them to drink too freely of cold water. This is a spas- 

 modic colic, very painful, and a sedative and stimulant is needed. 

 Two tablespoons of cannabis Indica (Indian hemp), five drops of 

 morphine, thirty drops of tincture of capsicum, mixed with a 

 pint of water and given at one dose, will usually give relief; if 

 not, repeat the dose in about an hour. 



The cannabis Indica soothes the nerves and so lessens the 

 spasms of the muscles, whose actions are governed by the nerves. 

 Morphine is a sedative, and the capsicum is a stimulant to restore 

 the circulation in the walls of the stomach. 



Colic caused by indigestion — flatulent colic — is treated with 

 four tablespoons of aromatic spirits of ammonia, two tablespoons 

 of sweet spirits of nitre, mixed in a pint of water and given in 

 one dose. Repeat in an hour, if necessary. 



Aromatic spirits of ammonia is useful to expel gas from the 

 stomach and intestines; it is also a safe stimulant. Nitre is also 



