DOWN'FA CED — DRA UGHTS 



against the door it is not an easy matter to get to him ; 

 and besides this, the opening of the door, if it comes close 

 to the ground, as it should do, will disturb the lay of the 

 sawdust or peat-moss which is on the floor of the kennel. 

 Doors should be secured by two sliding bolts, one a few 

 inches above the ground, and the other four feet from it. 

 (See Kennels.) 



Down-faced is a term chiefly in use amongst the 

 admirers of bulldogs and other breeds whose muzzles 

 should be of the retrousse order, to describe an animal 

 which fails to show the desired conformation. (See Dish- 

 face y Frog-face, Lay Back.) 



Drains. — All kennels in which a large number of dogs 

 are kept should be well drained, and if, as is usually the 

 case, sawdust or peat-moss is spread on the floor, means 

 should be taken to prevent the drains from getting choked 

 up. It is most desirable, too, that the outside exercising 

 yards should be drained, a gutter will do if it slopes, so that 

 the water wall run off, as when the yard is swilled out the 

 water is likely to remain in places unless it is removed by 

 a broom, in which case the path outside the kennel will 

 always be muddy if there is no drain to carry it away. 

 The best arrangement is to have the inside drains con- 

 nected by short pipes with a gutter running along the 

 front of the kennel, which is an easy thing to arrange if 

 the floor of the inside kennel is raised a little above the 

 exercising yard, as it should be. The outside gutter can 

 in turn be connected by pipes with the cesspool or drains 

 of the establishment, but the pipes must be well trapped, 

 and if a cesspool is used, it should be some distance from 

 the kennels. 



Draughts are a most potential source of danger to 

 dogs, as even the most hardy breeds, which can stand 

 almost any amount of ordinary cold, are liable to suffer 



n 



