LEISHMANIASIS— INFANTILE KALA-AZAR 6i 



atrophied and degenerated. Sometimes the cirrhosis is severe and no 

 parasites are seen. 



There may be ulcerations of the sl<in and the intestine. 



There may be hemorrhages in various parts. 



The bone marrow cells show numerous parasites, the yellow marrow 

 has become red, soft and diffluent. 



Intestinal ulceration is very common, parasites may be found in 

 the walls of the ulcers and the proximal lymphatic glands. 



Parasites are sometimes found in the kidney blood-vessels, but 

 never in the secretory tubules. 



TREATMENT. 



Antimony tartrate or sodium antimonyl tartrate has been found 

 most useful, given intravenously. Rogers claims to have had good 

 results. 



The following prescription is useful :- — 



J^, Tartar emetic ... ... ... 2 gnn. 



Liq. fowleri ... ... ... 6 c.c. 



Aq. dist. a. ... ... ... 300 c.c. 



Of this 2 c.c. diluted with distilled water, intravenous, twice weekly. 



Antimony oxide is well worth a trial, 



Others have used atoxyl, 3 grains, every other day intramuscularly 

 (Manson and Low). 



Others have used quinine, 60 — 90 grains daily, until the temperature 

 falls, then 20 grains daily. 



Salvarsan is useless. 



Other treatment is symptomatic : — 



Good food and hygiene. 



Calcium chloride or lactate for haemorrhages. 



All other diseases in the patient should be cleared up. 



Isolate the patient, disinfect infected dwellings, destroy all bugs. 



Infantile Kala-azar. 

 SYNONYMS. 



Leishmania anaemia. Splenomegaly. 



Febrile splenic anaemia. Ponos. 



DEFINITION. 



A subacute or chronic specific disease resembling Kala-azar, caused 

 by L. infantum and occurring in childhood. 



DISTRIBUTION. 



Southern Europe, North Africa, Mediterranean shores and islands. 



