AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS iZ7 



It is only found in I'^anda. 



It is carried by Glossina palpalis. 



Its reservoir is in wild oj-ame near the lake shore. 



T. caprce. 



It has onlv been reported from Lake Tanganyika and Xyasaland. 



It only affects cattle, sheep and goats. 



It is very active during life, and measures 18-32 fx long. 



It is more heavily built than the vivax ; its posterior half is swollen 

 and the end blunt. The anterior end is narrow and pointed. The 

 cytoplasm is clear. The nucleus is centrally placed. 



The kinetonucleus is large, round, and close to the posterior 



extremity. 



The undulating membrane is better developed than in the T. vivax, 

 and has bolder folds and a well-marked free flagellum. 



It kills goats in 56-5 days, sheep in 115 days, and rats in 2 days. 



The carrier is Glossina morsitans. 



3'5 per cent, per 1,000 flies examined were infected. 



Its development is limited to the proboscis of the tsetse fly. 



Its reservoir is the water buck, reed buck, in per cent, of which 

 M^ere infected. 



PATHOLOGY. 



The outstanding feature is a chronic inflammation of the lymph 

 system, probably caused by toxins of trypanosomes. Trypanosomes 

 enter the lymph-stream, blood-stream, and the cerebrospinal fluid. 



There is polyadenitis. 



The heart and other organs show lymphatic infiltration. 



There is fever in the early stage, followed by meningo-encephalitis 

 and meningo-myelitis, proliferation of neuroglia, and lymphocytic 

 accumulations around the vessels. 



These two processes compress the vessels and lessen the blood 

 supplv to the brain and cord, which is followed by malnutrition, 

 cerebral changes, and the sleeping sickness manifestations. 



The trypanosomes cannot pass through the placenta. 



An ultimate secondary infection by streptococci and pneumococci 

 is common. 



MACROSCOPIC. 



There is usually emaciation, but the writer has lost many who have 

 been particularly fat. 



There may be dry desquamation of the skin to exfoliation. One of 

 my cases was called ''the serpent" because she shed her skin from 

 time to time. 



There is polyadenitis in the neck, groins and all lymphatic glands. 



