242 DISEASES DUE TO HELMINTHS 



Ulcers sometimes form in the axilke or groin, from which can be 

 found an infected mass to the glands. 



The lungs may show diffuse cirrhosis, bronchiectatic cavities, 

 pneumonia and caseous abscesses. 



SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 



In a general infection there are fever, enlarged lymphatic glands, 

 muscular pains and cutaneous ulcers. 



In a thoracic infection one has cough, purulent or bloody sputum 

 with eggs, characteristic Leyden crystals. There may be the physical 

 signs of broncho-pneumonia, a pleural effusion, serous or purulent. 

 The sputum may be of a red viscid gummy consistency. The cough 

 is more troublesome in the morning than at night. 



In an abdominal infection there is a dull general pain with 

 tenderness. There may be the signs and symptoms of diarrhoea, 

 appendicitis, hepatic cirrhosis, &c. 



In a cerebral infection there are the signs and symptoms of epilepsy 

 which may be Jacksonian. 



DIAGNOSIS. 



This rests mainly upon finding the eggs in an endemic area. 



TREATMENT. 



This is symptomatic. * 



Remove the patient from the endemic area. 



Pot. iodides may be tried. 



Give creosote for the cough and to reduce the number of eggs. 



SCHISTOSOMIASIS. 

 DEFINITION. 



A chronic endemic disease of the urinary tract and rectum, causing 

 hematuria, cystitis and dysenteric symptoms. 

 The causative parasites are : — 

 (i) Schistosoma haematobium. 



(2) ,, japonicum. 



(3) ,, mansoni. 



In all these trematodes the sexes are separate. 



(i) INFECTION WITH S. HAEMATOBIUM. 

 DISTRIBUTION. 



Egypt, South Africa, Asia, India, Syria, Mesopotamia, and the 

 West Indies, Madagascar, Mauritius and vSouth America. 



In Egypt the infection occurs in the early winter months after the 

 floods. 50 per cent, of the people are infected. 



