254 DISEASES DUE TO HELMINTHS 



The adult worms are found in the portal system, especially at the 

 bifurcation of the smaller mesenteric vessels. 



SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 



These are very irregular. 



They may be nil or slight with urticarial rashes and eosinophilia. 



There may be cough with scanty expectoration, diminished breath 

 sounds, and crepitant rales. 



During the ensuing months these may increase and be accompanied 

 by diarrhoea, with ova in the fasces, enlargement and tenderness of the 

 liver, with general abdominal pains. 



The hvpogastrium shrinks and the epigastrium enlarges. 



There is dyspepsia and the passage of undigested food materials. 



The liver may then shrink and the spleen enlarge, followed by 

 ascites, anaemia, emaciation, eosinophilia, which latter may reach 

 50 per cent. 



If the lungs are affected there are signs of bronchitis or of broncho- 

 pneumonia. 



If the brain is affected there are signs of Jacksonian epilepsy. 



The knee-jerks in these cases are increased. 



The urinary tract is usually normal. 



There may be a muddv complexion. 



DIAGNOSIS. 



Look for a chronic enlargement of the liver and spleen with ascites, 

 chronic diarrhoea, and marked eosinophilia from 10 pev cent, to 50 per 

 cent. 



Look for ova in the stools containing a miracidium. 



PROGNOSIS. 



Death nearly always ensues. 



Intercurrent disease is usually the immediate cause. 



TREATMENT. 



This is as for S. haematobium. 



(3) INFECTION WITH S. INIANSONI. 

 This parasite is held to resemble that of S. hcTmatobium, but some 

 helminthologists \\ill not accept that it is a distinct species at all. 



THE THEORY OF SAMBON. 



In 1903 Manson found eggs with a lateral spine which had attacked 

 the rectum. He suggested that it came from a new species of worm. 



