524 I) IS RASES OF THE EYE 



Dysentery : keratitis, iritis, iridocyclitis. 



Beri-beri : irdenia of lids, lymphatic spaces in opiic nerve and 

 retina distended, defective central vision, loss of central colour vision, 

 axial retrobulbar retinitis, spasm and paralysis of ocular muscles. 



Kala-azar : retinal luemorrhag^es with deposits of pigment emboli. 



Snake bite : iridocyclitis, intraocular luemorrhages. 



Oriental sore : cicatricial contraction, ectropion, epiphora, spasm of 

 the orbicularis. 



Yellow fever : amblyopia, hyjx'raMiiia of conjunctiva?. 



Trypanosomiasis : iritis, keratitis and retinal changes in untreated 

 cases; cataract and optic atrophy in treated cases. 



Plague : photophobia, lachrymation, conjunctivitis, deepened 

 anterior chamber, punctate keratitis, iritis, contracted pupil, serous 

 exudate, later plastic, posterior synechia, increased tension of eyeball, 

 later diminished tension, shallow anterior chamber, vitreous exudates, 

 retinal haemorrhages, optic neuritis, optic atrophy and panophthalmitis 

 as in order given. 



Leprosy : eyelashes lost early, frontalis muscle paralysed, nodular 

 lepromata and ulceration of eyelids with destruction later, conjunctivitis 

 leading to lagopthalmitis, ectropion, xerophthalmia, infiltrated epi- 

 sclera, whitish grey masses spreading round cornea, keratitis punctata, 

 leprosa, anterior and posterior uveitis, nodules in ciliary bodv or in 

 spaces of Fonlana causing iridocyclitis and chronic glaucoma. 



Ihe optic nerve, retina, lens and vitreous humour are rarelv 

 attacked. .\ plastic exudate may cause posterior svnechia, i.e., 

 adhesions between the iris and lens and cau.se occlusion of the pupil 

 and consequent blindness. This may be broken down in earlv cases 

 by an effective mydriatic, pyelitis causes impaired accommodation 

 and diminished vision, llceration and ])erforation of ihe anterior 

 chamber are not uncommon in bad cases. X'ision will be affected bv 

 the .scar if in the pupillary area. 



Hypopyon is not an uncommon sequel, i.e., pus, llbrin and leuco- 

 cytes with pus organisms in the anterior chamber. In cases of per- 

 foration the pyogenic organisms enter the eyeball and cause total 

 destruction by panophthalmitis. 



See article on Leprosy. 



Malaria : eye troubles are due to circulatory disturbances more than 

 to inflammatory conditions. There are conjunctival congestion, photo- 

 phobia and lachrymation. 



Keratitis dendritica, a herpes cornea zoster, giving rise sometimes 

 t(. ulcers, branch-shaped with knobs on them; nine out of ten are 

 Of malarial origin. 



Keratitis profunda, a central infiltration of the cornea which is 



