284 DRUGS. 



dose is from ten grains up to twenty grains, the dog requiring a propor- 

 tionately much larger dose of this drug than man; it is, however, always 

 advisable to try the effects of the smaller dose first, as the lives of many 

 dogs are sacrificed to a rash boldness in administering overdoses. Aloes 

 are generally given in conjunction with other purgatives, as jalap, rhubarb, 

 etc., and they enter into the composition of most aperient pills made for 

 the dog. The following is a useful mild aperient bolus: 



Mild Aperient Bolus. — Take aloes socotrine, iy 2 drams; powdered jalap, 

 2 scruples; powdered ginger, 1 scruple; Castile soap, y% dram; make into 

 twelve balls. Dose, one or two. Or for small dogs, into 24 pills. 



Alum. — Astringent; dose four to eight grains, given in diabetes and 

 internal hemmorrhage (see Acid, gallic). Alum is also given in cases of 

 obstinate diarrhea, in conjunction with opium, and it may be advanta- 

 geously given in such cases as a clyster, dissolved in gruel. Burnt alum is a 

 very mild caustic applied to fungus growths. 



Ammonia, Aromatic Spirits of (Spirit of Sal Volatile). — A diffusible 

 stimulant and antacid. It is useful in colic, and is given in cases of de- 

 pression of the vital powers. The dose is from ten drops to a teaspoonful. 

 It must always be largely diluted before it is given. 



Ammonia, Muriate. — Sal ammoniac. For uses see Acetic acid. 



Ammonia, Solution gf Acetate of (Mindererus' Spirit). — Given in febrile 

 and inflammatory disorders, distemper, pneumonia, etc. The following mix- 

 ture for distemper which may be given in any case where feverishness or 

 inflammation is present: 



Distemper Mixture. — Take chlorate of potash 2 drams, sweet spirit of 

 nitre 2 drams, Mindererus' spirit 1 ounce, tincture of henbane 2 drams, wa- 

 ter sufficient to make 4 ounces. Dose, from one-half to three teaspoonfuls 

 three or four times a day. 



Ammonia, Strong Liquid. — This is used as a blister to the dog (see 

 Blisters). Diluted with three parts of distilled water, it forms the spirit 

 of hartshorn of the shops, which, with other articles, is used as a liniment 

 for sprains, bruises, rheumatism, etc. 



Liniment for Sprains. — Equal parts of spirit of hartshorn, turpentine, 

 rape oil, and laudanum, make a generally useful liniment for the above 

 purposes. If in a glass-stoppered bottle it will not be impaired by keeping. 



Antimonial Powder (True James' Powder). — This is given as a febri- 

 fuge and diaphoretic in doses of from four to six grains; it is preferred to 

 tartar emetic, as not being so likely to excite the dog's stomach. It is by 

 some relied on as a cure for distemper. 



Antimony, Tartarated (Tartar Emetic). — This, as its name implies, is 

 an emetic. On the dog's stomach it acts very quickly; but, indeed, vomiting 

 appears to be quite a natural act in the dog, and no doubt it is attended 

 with beneficial results when he is his own doctor and applies to his natural 

 physic, the couch or dog grass; but this habit in the dog has been used to 

 his injury, and the use of emetics shamefully abused, and from being treat- 

 ed as a panacea for all dog ills, has done much harm. Emetics are, however, 

 of use, and it is not bad practice to give one on the first appearance of dis- 

 temper or jaundice, and in cases of poisoning they are our sheet anchor. 

 The dose of tartar emetic, as an emetic, is from one to three grains given 

 dissolved in warm water, and the dog freely drenched with it. It is also used 

 as a febrifuge in doses of one-eighth of a grain to half a grain; but for 



