106 PEACTICAL ZOOLOGY. 



5. With the forceps pull forward the tongue for careful 

 examination. 



6. Just back of the tongue is the opening, the glottis, of 

 the windpipe, or trachea. 



7. The mouth continues backward to become the gullet. 



THE WINGS. 



1. Feel of the wing to make out the division into arm, 

 forearm, and hand. 



2. The foremost angle of the wing is called the bend 

 of the wing. To what part of your arm does this 

 bend of the wing correspond? Just outside of the 

 bend of the wing find the false wing, a cluster of 

 short quills, borne on the thumb. 



3. The long quills borne on the hand are the primaries ; 

 count them. The quills on the forearm are the sec- 

 ondaries; count them. When quills are found on 

 the arm, they are called tertiaries. 



4. The shorter feathers which overlap these quills above 

 and below, are the upper and lower wing-coverts. 



5. Extend the wing; compare its upper and lower sur- 

 faces ; observe the shape of the quills, and the way 

 they overlap one another ; put all these facts together 

 and consider their effect in the down-stroke of the 

 wing. What is the result of this arrangement when 

 the wing is moved quickly upward ? 



THE LEGS. 



1. Feel of the parts, beginning close to the body, to be 

 sure to find the first division of the limb ; this is the 

 thigh, or second joint. 



