II 



SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 



29 



thish-bone, around it the flesh or muscle, and around 

 this again the skin. Similar cuts through various parts 

 of both fore- and hind-limbs show that these appendages 

 of the body are solid, containing no cavities, except the 

 sub-cutaneous lymph-sinuses previously observed. 



FIG. 7. Dissection of a Male Frog from the left side. The left fore- and hind-limbs 

 and the left sides of the head and trunk have been cut away, the enteric canal 

 and liver are displaced downwards, and the mouth, pharynx, and cloaca laid 



an. anus ; b. d. bile-duct ; 6. ky. body of hyoid ; bl. urinary bladder ; W. its 

 opening into the cloaca ; c. art. conus arteriosus ; cblm. cerebellum ; cl. cloaca ; 

 en. 3, centrum of third vertebra ; cp. ad. fat body ; crb. A. cerebral hemisphere ; 

 d ly s dorsal lymph-sinus ; du. duodenum ; ep. cor. epicoracoid ; eus. t. 

 Eustachian recess': FR. PA . fronto-parietal ; gJ. glottis ; gul. gullet ; IL. ilium ; 

 IS. rrhium; kd. kidney; /. au. left auricle; /. Ing. left lung; Ir. liver; 

 M.MCK. mento-meckelian bone ; n. a. /, arch of first vertebra ; olf.l. olfactory 

 lobe : opt. I. optic lobe ; O. ST. omosternum ; pcd. pericardium ; PJf X. pre- 

 maxilla : pn. pancreas ; p. na. internal nostril ; pu. pubis ; ret. rectum ; r. Ing. 

 right lung; s. int. ileum ; sp. cd. spinal cord; SPH.ETH. sphenethmoid : spl. 

 spleen: a. stomach; s. r. sinus venosus ; tag. tongue ; /s.sperm^ry; ur. ureter 

 or', its aperture into the cloaca ; OJ8.T. urostyle ; r. ventricle ; r. />. s. ventral 

 lymph -sinus ; ro. /. vomerine teeth ; vs. sem. seminal vesicle. (From Parker 

 and Haswell's Zoology.) 



Summary. We thus get a notion of the general plan of 

 construction of a frog as follows. It consists of a central 

 or axial portion, the head and trunk, and of two pairs of 

 lateral offshoots or appendages, the fore- and hind-limbs. 



