THE MUSCLES. 



CHAPTER II. 



THE MUSCLES. 



The Muscles Flexion and Extension The Tendons Contraction- 

 Physical Strength Necessity for Exercise Its Effects Forms of 

 Exercise Walking Riding Gymnastics Open-air Exercise 

 Sleep Recreation. 



1. The Muscles. The great mass of the body exter- 

 nal to the skeleton, is composed of the flesh, or Muscles, 

 which largely determines its outline and weight. The 

 muscles are the organs of motion. Their number is 

 about four hundred, and to each of them is assigned a 

 separate and distinct office. They have all been studied, 

 one by one, and a name given to each, by the anatomist. 

 Each is attached to bones which it is designed to move. 

 A few are circular in form, and enclose cavities, the size 

 of which they diminish by contraction. 



2. If we examine a piece of flesh, we observe that it is 

 soft, and of a deep red color. Its structure appears to be 



composed of layers 

 and bundles of small 

 fibres. Let us fur- 

 ther examine these 

 fibres under the mi- 

 croscope. We now 

 discover that they 

 are, in turn, made up 

 of still finer fibres, 

 or fibrillce : these are 



FIG. 8 MUSCULAR TISSUE. 

 a 6, Striped muecular fibres: c, The game more Seen in rig. 8. ihe 



fibres are beautifully 



1 . What are the muscles ? Their number ? The design of most of them ? Of 

 a few? 



2. The structure of flesh? Its color, etc.? The composition of the fibres? 

 How marked?- 



