RED JUNIPER; RED CEDAR; SAVIN (Juniperus Virginiana^ 

 Linn.). Shrub to 100 feet. Narrow, compact, pyramidal tree? 

 becoming loose and irregular when old. Bark thin, red, 

 stringy, deeply corrugated and buttressed at base. Wood 

 close-grained, weak, red, fragrant, brittle, used for pencils, 

 moth-proof chests and cupboards, railroad ties, and posts. 

 Leaves opposite, blue-green, evergreen, of two types: on young 

 shoots, scattered, or 2-ranked, long-pointed, yellow-green, 

 white-lined, at right angles with twig, | to f inch long; on 

 older twigs, minute, paired, scale-like, closely appressed to the 

 stem. Rusty brown in winter. Persistent many years. 

 Flow r ers scaly, cone-like clusters, at ends of short twigs. 

 Staminate of few scales, each with several pollen sacs under- 

 neath; pistillate of violet, fleshy scales with 2 ovules under 

 each; rarely both kinds on same tree. Fruit a modified cone, 

 becoming a fleshy, sw,eet, resinous, blue berry, the size of a 

 pea. Borne in profusion. Dist.: Gravelly, dry situations in 

 eastern North America, and to the foothills of the Rocky 

 Mountains; often in forests; best in peaty swamps of lowei 

 Mississippi Valley. 



