97 



Swellendam, Knysna, Eastern Province, Kaffraria, and Natal : Coast and Drakens- 

 berg ; also found near the Zambesi and in Central Africa ; ravines and mountain forests. 



A large and handsome tree, 2-3 feet in diameter, 40-60 feet high, deciduous. Bark 

 grey, thin, even. Wood light, moderately hard, strong, moderately elastic, compact ; 

 annual ring irregular ; medullary rays moderately fine, distant, conspicuous ; pores mode- 

 rately small, numerous, grouped in small clusters, and in radial and concentric series ; 

 colour white; used for yokes ; and suitable for planking and, if prepared, for railway sleepers. 



Fruit resembling a chestnut, but bitter and not edible. 



24. Zanthexylum capense, Harvey. 



Fl. Cap. vol. I., p. 446. Sylv. Cap. p. 7. 



Knobthorn. Dutch : Knopj esdoorn, Pardepram. Kafir : um-Nungumabele. 



Mossel Bay, Knysna, Eastern Province, Kaffraria, Natal Coast, Drakensberg, to the 

 Transvaal. 



A tree 1-2 feet in diameter, 20-40 feet high. Young twigs covered with short 

 spines. Bark light brown, thin, thickly studded with conical protuberances one inch and 

 more in height. Wood heavy, hard, strong, close grained, compact ; annual rings marked 

 by thin white bands ; medullary rays very fine, close, not conspicuous ; pores very 

 small, numerous ; colour light yellow ; used for yokes, axles, and various implements. 



Annual rings average 0*078 inches, corresponding to a yearly increase in girth of 

 0'49 inches. 



Fruit ( Wild Cardamon), has a hot pungent taste, and is prescribed for flatulency 

 and paralysis, according to Dr. Pappe. The bruised leaves have a strong and peculiar 

 smell, and are used by the Natives for disinfecting milt-ziek meat. The bark of the root 

 is one of the favourite remedies for snake bite, and in decoction for tape worms ; used 

 also for syphilis according to Andrew Smith. 



25. Zanthoxylum Tlmnbergii, De Candolle. 

 Fl. Cap. vol. I., p. 446. 

 Knobthorn. Dutch: Rnopjeydoorn. Kafir : iim-Nungumabele- 



George and Knysna to Natal Coast, Drakensberg, and the Transvaal. 



A small tree 12-18 inches in diameter, 30-40 feet high. Bark grey, thin, studded 

 with flattened conical protuberances tipped with a spine. Wood very heavy, hard, strong 

 moderately elastic, very close grained and eompact; medullary rays fine and close; pores 

 very small, evenly distributed ; rings irregular ; colour light yellow ; not very durable, 

 -and seldom used. 



Bark of the root used as a remedy for snake bite. 



Known from Z. capense, of which it may be merely a variety, by the armed petioles 

 and nerves of the compound leaves. 



26. Toddalia lanceolata, Lamarck. 



Vepris lanceolata, A. Jussieu, Fl. Cap. vol. I., p. 447. Sylv. Cap. p. 7. 

 White Ironwood, Bastard Sneezewood. Dutch : Wit Yzerhout, Hoenderspoor. 

 Kafir : um-Zana. 



George, Knysna, Eastern Province, Kaffraria, Natal Coast, Drakensberg, to the 

 Transvaal. Common in most forests. 



- A tree l|-2i feet in diameter, 30-40 feet high, coppicing moderately. Bark reddish 

 brown or grey, thin, even. Wood heavy, hard, very strong, not elastic, close grained ; 

 annual rings irregular ; medullary rays very fine and close ; pores small, arranged in 

 short radial lines ; colour white or pale yellow ; used for axles, spokes, and other wagon- 

 wood, and for ploughs ; not very durable. 



T. Natalensis, Sender, FL Cap. vol. I., 447, is another species, very similar in aspect, 

 found in the Eastern Province and the Natal Coast. 



-27. Clausena insequalis, Oliver. 



Myaris incequalis, Presl, Fl. Cap. vol. I., p. 444. Sylv. Cap. p. 7. 

 Kafir : um-Nukambiba. 



