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Pinus Canariensis, G. Smith. The Canary Pine, forming forests at 4,000 6,000 

 feet in the Canary Islands. A tree 60-70 feet high. Wood moderately heavy, resinous, 

 durable, and not readily attacked by insects. Suitable for planting between 4,000 and 

 6,000 feet. 



Pinus Cedrus, Linnaaus, var. Deodara. The Deodar of the Himalayan moun- 

 tains, found at 3,000 12,000 feet. A large tree 5-7 feet in diameter, 150 feet high, 

 reaching exceptionally a diameter of 10 feet and a height of 200 feet. One of the most 

 valuable timbers of India. Wood light, compact, rather close grained, long fibred, very 

 resinous, strongly and agreeably scented, very durable even if exposed to the weather ; 

 colour light yellow ; largely used for construction, bridges, and boat building. Grows 

 best in a humid clime. Suitable for planting between 1,000 and 6,000 feet. The Cedar 

 of Lebanon is a variety of this species. 



Pinus excelsa, Wallich. The Bhotan Pine of the Himalayas, occurring from 

 5,000 to 12,000 feet, and found in abundance at 6,000-8,000 feet. A tree 150 feet 

 high. Wood soft, close-grained, resinous, easily worked ; colour white ; among 

 Himalayan Pine-woods, it ranks for durability next to the Deodar ; yields a fragrant 

 resinous turpentine. Suitable for planting between 2,500 and 5,000 feet. 



Pinus HalepensiS, Miller. The Aleppo Pine. South Europe and North Africa. 

 A tree attaining 80 feet, and a diameter of 4-5 feet. Wood white, the heart yellowish 

 brown ; density 0'53 to 0'87 (air dried) ; used in construction, for sleepers, for boat 

 building, for common furniture, and largely for packing cases ; yields a peculiar turpen- 

 tine. Thrives best in sandy coast lands. Growth moderately rapid. Suitable for plant- 

 ing up to 5,000 feet. 



Pinus insignis, Douglas. The Monterey Pine. Californian coast ; sandy soil 

 near the sea shore ; rare and local but now widely cultivated in California for shelter and 

 ornament. A tree 2-3 feet in diameter, 80-100 feet high. Wood light, soft, not 

 strong, rather brittle, close grained, compact, resinous ; colour light brown, the thick 

 sapwood nearly white ; density 0*46 ; used locally for fuel and also for boat-buildino- 

 (Sargent). Growth very rapid. Suitable for planting between 4,000-5,500 feet. 



Pinus longifolia, Roxburgh. Common on the Himalayas, between 2,000 and 

 7,000 feet. A tree 60 to 100 feet high ; diameter 3-4 feet. Wood resinous ; the red 

 variety compact, straight fibred ; used for construction, boat-building, &c.; the white 

 variety often twisted, open in the grain, and generally inferior ; yields tar and turpen- 

 tine. Suitable for planting up to 3,500 feet. 



Pinus Pinaster, Solander. Cluster Pine. South Europe in sandy coast lands. 

 2-3 feet in diameter, 50-70 feet high. Wood soft, coarse-grained, resinous ; colour 

 white or reddish ; density 0'52-0'77 (air dried) ; used in ship-building for minor 

 purposes, for construction, railway sleepers, telegraph poles, posts, planks, beams, &c.; 

 yields a large quantity of turpentine. Growth moderately rapid. Suitable for planting 

 between 1,000 and 5,300 feet. 



Pinus Pinea, Linne. The Stone Pine. Mediterranean region, thriving best in 

 deep moist soil. A tree 2-3 feet in diameter, 60-80 feet high. Wood soft, coarse-grained, 

 resinous ; colour white or reddish ; density 0'52 0*77 (air-dried) ; used for house and 

 ship-building and for rough furniture. Growth moderately rapid. Suitable for plantino- 

 between 1,000 and 4,000 feet. 



Populus monilifera, Aiton. Cottomoood. Atlantic region of the United States ; 

 low moist lands and borders of streams. A large tree 4-8 feet in diameter, 70-150 feet 

 high. Wood light, soft, close-grained, compact, liable to warp in drying ; colour dark 

 brown, the thick sapwood nearly white ; density 0'39 ; largely used in the manufacture of 

 paper pulp, for packing cases, fence boards, and fuel (Sargent). Growth rapid. Suitable 

 for planting between 500 and 6,000 feet. 



Quercus Cerris, Linnseus. Turkey Oak. South Europe and South-west Asia. 

 A tree 2-4 feet in diameter, 80-100 feet high. Wood strong, heavy, hard, liable to warp, 

 not fissile ; colour brown tinged with red, the thick sapwood lighter ; density 0-86 1-00 

 (air dried) ; used for ship-building, and by wheelwrights, cabinetmakers, turners and 

 coopers, but considered inferior to that of Q. robur. Suitable for planting between 2,500 

 and 3,500 feet. 



Quercus alba, Linnaeus. White Oak. Atlantic region of North America ; found 

 in all soils ; a large tree 4-8 feet in diameter, 75-150 feet high. Wood strong, very 

 heavy, hard, tough, close-grained, requiring careful seasoning, durable in contact with the 

 ground ; colour brown, sapwood lighter ; density 0'75 ; largely used in construction, 



