SEAL LIFE ON THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 351 



I'age 118: In this admirably perfect method of nature art? tints*-, seals which can be 

 properly killed without injury to the rookeries, selected and held aside by their own 

 volition, so that the natives can visit and take them without disturbing in the least 

 degree the entire quiet of the breeding grounds where the stock is perpetuated. 



Page 12M: When the " holluschiekie 7 ' are up on land they can be readily separated 

 into their several classes as to age by the color of their coats and sixe, when noted; 

 namely, the yearlings, the 2, :>, I. and 5 year old males. 



(2) That the methods adopted on the Pribilof Islands were from the 

 first, according to his observations of 1872-1874, admirably adapted to 

 accomplish the gathering; of the annual increase (pp. 71, 74). 



(Bee also description of drive in the parts quoted from his report of 

 1874, pp. 122-128.) 



(3) That the methods pursued in 1800 (with the single exception of 

 alleged redriving and overdriving, already noticed) were in all respects 

 as good as, and in some better than, those pursued in 1872 to 1874. 



I 'age 261): I should remark that the driving of the seals has been very carefully 

 done; no extra rushing and smothering of the herd, as it was frequently done in 1872. 

 Mr. Goft' began with a sharp admonition, and it has been scrupulously observed thus 

 far by the natives. 



Page 283: Yesterday afternoon I went back to Tolstoi over the seal road on which 

 the drive above tallied was made in the night and morning of the 7th instant; the 

 number of road "faints" or road skins was not large, which shows that the natives 

 had taken great care in driving these seals. This they have uniformly done thus far 

 (see also p. 129). 



Mr. Elliott draws a bill (p. 217) for the restoration of the herd, but it 

 contains no designed improvement in the methods. 



Elsewhere, however, he suggests the following: That no culling of 

 the herds be allowed, i. e., that every seal driven up be killed (p. 73), 

 and that no driving be allowed after July 20 (p. 179). 



These are the sole improvements which even he has to suggest. 



(4) That according to his observations of 1872-1874 and 1876 the 

 herd could safely support a draft far larger than 100,000, probably as 

 large as 180,000 annually (p. 69). 



(He was first on the islands during the three years 1872 to 1874. 

 This report, written in 1890, represents the herd in 1874 as being in a 

 nourishing condition. He was again on the islands in 1876. .He does 

 not intimate anywhere in this report of 1890 that the condition of 1876 

 was not in all respects as good as that of 1872, 1873, and 1874.) 



(5) That female seals should never be killed. 



Page 74: We do not touch or disturb these females as they grow up and live, and 

 we never will if the law and present management is continued. 



Page 213 : In 1835, for the first time in the history of this industry on these islands, 

 was the vital principal of not killing female seals recognized. 



(6) That pelagic sealing is essentially destructive in its nature, and 

 that at least 85 per cent of the pelagic catch is composed of females. 



Page IX : I could figure out from the known number of skins which these hunters 

 had placed on the market a statement of the loss and damage to the rookeries, to 

 the females and young born and unborn, for that is the class from which the poacher 

 secures at least 85 of the 100 of his catch. 



Page 13 : The young male seals have been directly between the drive, clnb, and 

 poacher since 1882, while the females have had but one direct attack outside of the 

 natural causes. They have been, however, the chief quarry of the pelagic sealer 

 during the last five years. 



(7) That the loss through the wounding and sinking of seals is 

 enormous. 



Page 214: Five thousand female seals, heavy with their young, are killed in order 

 to secure every 1,000 skins taken. (See also p. 85, footnote.) 



(8) That it is an absolute necessity that pelagic sealing should be 

 suppressed on the ground that it is an immoral pursuit, and one which 



