1921] Smiley: Flora of the Sierra Nevada of California 85 



Pinus aristata Engelm. is a subalpine tree of the Panamint Moun- 

 tains in southeastern California but has not yet been found within 

 our area. 



2. TSUGA 



1. Tsuga Mertensiana Sarg., Silva N. Am., p. 1277, t. 606. 1898. 



Pinus Mertqnsiana Bong., Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. VI, vol. 2, p. 45. 1832. 

 Abies Williamsomi Newberry, Pac. E.R. Rep., vol. 6, pt. 3, p. 53. 1857. 

 Tsuga Pattoniana Engelm., Bot. Calif., vol. 2, p. 121. 1880. 



Type locality. Sitka. 



Range. Southeast Alaska to California (Kings River) and east 

 to Montana. 



Zone. Hudsonian. 



Specimens examined. Sierra County, Lemmon in 1874; Indepen- 

 dence Lake, Dudley, June 19, 1900 ; Lake Lucile ridge, Tahoe, Dudley, 

 June 27, 1900; Heather Lake, McGregor 145; summit Angora Peak, 

 Tahoe, 8,625 feet, Smiley 38; Carson Spur, 8,500 feet, Hansen 242; 

 Mono trail, 10,000 feet, Bolander in 1867 ; Cathedral Pass trail, 

 Yosemite, Dudley, July 21, 1901 ; same near Tuolumne meadows, 9,400 

 feet, Smiley 525. 



The Alpine Hemlock, the most beautiful tree of the higher moun- 

 tains, occurs in small groves on most of the high ridges south and 

 west of Mohawk Valley and most abundantly on the windward slopes 

 for this tree requires abundant moisture for typical development. 

 Wherever it forms pure stands the forest is dark and damp, with a 

 floor absolutely free of any underbrush. In the Tahoe region it is 

 frequently found at the bottom of talus slopes along the line of 

 emergence of the seepage water. 



3. ABIES 



1. Abies magnifica Murray, Proc. Hort. Soc. Lond., vol. 3, p. 318, 



figs. 25-33. 1863. 

 A. nobilis var. magnifica Kellogg, For. Trees Calif., p. 29. 1882. 



Type locality. ' ' The high unexplored part of the Sierra Nevada, 

 to the eastward of San Francisco. ' ' 



Range. Siskiyou Mountains and Mt. Shasta south in the Sierra 

 to the South Fork of Kern River. 



Zone. Canadian. 



Specimens examined. Sierra County, Lemmon in 1874; Summit, 

 A". Eastwood, June 16, 1898 ; near Lake of the Woods, Tahoe, Dudley, 



