148 University of California Publications in Botany [VOL. 9 



Specimens examined. Woods near Fallen Leaf Lake, Tahoe, Miss 

 Lathrop, July 22, 1909 ; near Glen Alpine on trail to Suzy Lake, 7,800 

 feet, Smiley 194; above Fallen Leaf Lake, near Camp Agassiz under 

 Juniperus occidentalis, Tahoe, 6,800 feet, Smiley 358 ; near Tamarack 

 Flat,. Yosemite, 6,500 feet, Abrams 4887 ; Snow Creek, Yosemite, dry 

 fir forests, 6,800 feet, Hall 9184; above Sonora Pass, Brewer 1933; 

 slope above Home Camp meadow, Fresno County, 6,900 feet, Smiley 

 651 ; General Grant National Park, Brandegee, July 20, 1892 ; North 

 Fork of King's River, Tulare County, 7,000 feet, Hall and Chandler 

 554. 



The Ghost Orchid Cephalanthera Austinae (Gray) Heller and 

 Corallorhiza multiflora Nutt. are sometimes taken above our lower 

 limits. 



16. SALICACEAE (WILLOW FAMILY) 



Scales entire or merely toothed, persistent; stamens (in ours) not more than 2; 



stigmas short; buds with several scales 1. Salix 



Scales lacerate, caducous; stamens more than 6, usually numerous; stigmas 



elongated; buds with a single scale 2. Populus 



1. SALIX 



Low depressed alpine dwarfs with creeping branches rooting at the nodes and 



with short (1.5-3 inch) erect leafy branches bearing the catkins. 

 Leaves acute or acuminate, equally green on both sides with margins plane, 

 not at all rugose above; scales of the aments dark brown to black, 



densely hirsute 1. S. tenera 



Leaves oblong-obovate to suborbicular, obtuse or retuse, with margins often 

 revolute, dark green and somewhat rugose above, very glaucous below; 



scales of the aments light yellow, nearly glabrous 2. S. nivalis 



Taller shrubs with ascending or erect branches (at least not creeping). 



Twigs and smaller branches covered with a pruinose bloom; leaves oblanceo- 

 late, silky-sericeous, becoming glabrate and green above; style obsolete 



and stigma appearing sessile 3. S. macrocarpa 



Twigs and branches yellowish-green or brown, not pruinose. 



Ovary and capsule always glabrous 4. S. cordata var. Watsoni 



Ovary and capsule pubescent, at least at first. 



Pistillate catkins short, densely flowered, subglobose when mature, on 

 very short nearly leafless branches and appearing sessile; leaves 



M>-1 inch long, glabrous and bright green above 5. S. monica 



Pistillate catkins elongate-cylindrical, obviously pedunculate. 

 Stamens 2, the filaments distinct. 



Leaves early glabrate and green on both sides; pistillate catkins 

 short peduncled, their scales very dark; styles short or some- 

 times nearly obsolete 6. S. Lemmoni 



Leaves, if glabrate above, permanently pubescent below; the scales 

 of the catkins brown or reddish; styles elongated. 



Leaves entire or nearly so, without marginal glands 



7. S. glaucops 



Leaves glandular-serrate 8. S. californica 



Stamens 1 (or if 2, the filaments more or less united) ; leaves somewhat 

 revolute and silvery-silky below ....9. S. sitchensis var. angustifolia 



