TIMHER PHYSICS STRENGTH OF SPECIES. 



3fi3 



were available, comprises sci f;ir X- species with 3')X tost, trees, furnishing over 6,OfH) test pieces, supplying material 

 lor ] 5,331) tests in all, of which 1li,7fi7 were moist lire and specilic gravity determinations on the tost inatrrial. 



Ill addition to the material for mechanical texts, about 20, OIK) pieces liavo been collected from 7SO trees i including 

 the IIOX trees used in mechanical tests) lor physical examination to determine structure, character of growth, specific 

 gravity of green and dry wood, shrinkage, moisture, conditions, and other properties and behavior. 



In addition to the regular series of tests, the results of which are recorded in the subjoined tables, special 

 series, to determine certain questions were planned and carried out in part or to finish, ailding 1.32i> tests to Hie 

 above number. 



Account of test material. 



No. 



Name of specici. 



Num- 

 ber of 

 trees. 



Number 



tests. 



1 Longjeaf pine 



(Pinns palust rm. i 



Cuban pino 



(Pinna heterophyUa.) 



Shortleaf pine 



M'inus echinata.) 

 Loblolly pine 



(Finns tieda.) 

 White pine 



(Finns strobus.) 

 Red pine 



(Finns rcsinosa.l 

 Spruce pine 



(Finns glahra.) 

 Haiti cypress 



(Taxodinin disliclmm.i 

 White cedar 



(Cbameecyporll Ihyoidos.) 

 l>onglas sprnee 



(i'scudntsuga taxifolia.) 

 White oak 



(Quercus alba.) 

 Overcup oak 



((Jucreiis lyrata.) 



Post oak 



(Quercus minor.) 

 (_'ow oak 



(Qiiereus inicliauxii.) 

 Ked oak 



(Quercus. ruhra.) 

 Tevan oak. 



(Onercua texana.) 

 Yellow oak. 



(Querctia velutina.) 

 Water oak 



(Quercus nigra.) 

 Willow oak 



(Quercus phellos.) 

 Spanish uak 



(Quercus disiiata.) 

 Shagbark liiekory 



(Hicoria ovata.) 

 Mockernut hickory 



(Hicoria alba.) 

 Water hickory 



(Hicoria aquatica.) 

 Bitternut hickory 



{Hicoria minima,) 

 Nutmeg hickory 



(Hicnria m.vri8tica?fonni.) 

 Pecan hickory 



(Hicoria pecan.) 

 Pignut hickory 



(Hicoria glabra.) 

 White elm 



(Ulmus aiuo 1 icana.) 

 Cedar elm 



(Ulmus crassifolia.) 

 White ash 



(Kraxinus americana.) 

 Green ash 



(Fraxinus lanceolata.) 

 Sweet gum 



(Liquidambar styraciflna.) 



12 

 22 

 H 



17 

 8 

 4 



20 

 4 



wood. 



Localitiea anil number of treea from each. 



6,478 0.61 Alabama, coast plain (22) a.- uplands (6); hill district (8); Georgia, undulat- 



ing uplands itH: Sou tli Carolina, coast plaiu (7); Mississippi, low coast 

 plain r_'j : I.nuisiaiia. lnu mas! plain, gravelly soil (7); sandy loam (6) ; 

 Texas. Imv cnast plain (6). 



2, in . ii- Alaliama. coast plain (6) : Georgia, uplands (1) ; South Carolina, coast (5). 



1,831 .51 Alabama, uplands (4); Missouri, low hilly uplands <G); Arkansas, low liilly 



uplands (<>) ; Texas, uplands (6). 



It, :i:55 . '>'.', Alabama, mount ainon splat can (8) ; low coast plain (G) ; Arkansas, K*v j l tlooil 



plain (5): Georgia, level cout plain (0) : South Carolina, low coast plain (7). 



540 . :;>. Wisconsin, clay uplands (. r >) : sandy soils (4) : sandy loam (5) ; Michigan, level 



drift lands (3). 

 412 .50 Wisconsin. drift (5); Michigan (3). 



696 . 44 Alabama, low coast plain. 



3,396 .46 South Carolina, pine barren (6); river bottom (4); Louisiana, roast plain, 



border of lake (4) : Mississippi, Ya/.oo bottom (3) ; upland (3). 

 ;t")4 . '!7 Mississippi, low plain. 



225 .51 (From lumber yard.) 



1,009 .80 Alabama, ridges of Tennessee Valley (5); Mississippi, low plain (7). 



911 . 74 Mississippi, low plain <7) ; Arkansas, Mississippi bottoms (3). 



256 .80 Alabama, Tennessee Valley (5): Arkansas, Mississippi bottom (3). 



93." .74 Alabama, Tennessee Valley (4); Arkansas, Mississippi bottoms (3) ; Missis- 



sippi, low plain (4), 



299 .73 Alabama, Tennessee Valley (5); Arkansas, Mississippi bottom (!!).&/ 



479 .73 Arkansas, Mississippi bottom. 



222 . 7'J Alabama, Tennessee Valley (5). 



132 . 73 Mississippi, low plain (4). 



649 .72 Alabama, Tennessee Valley (5); Arkansas, Mississippi bottom (3); Missis 



sippi. low plain (4). 



1,035 .73 Alabama, Tennessee Valley (5); Arkansas, Mississippi bottom (3); Missis- 



sippi, low plain (3). 



794 .81 Mississippi, alluvial plain (3): limestone (3). 



300 .85 Mississippi, low plaiu. 

 197 . 73 Do. 



100 . 77 Do. 



294 . 78 Do. 



17'J .78 Do. 



84 . 89 Do. 



91 .54 Mississippi, bottom. 



201 .74 Arkansas, bottom. 



478 . 62 Mississippi, bottom. 



45 . 62 Do. 



508 . 59 Arkansas, bottom (3) ; Mississippi, low plain (4). 



a Sixteen of these were bled trees to study the effects of boxing. 



As will be observed, some species, notably the Southern pines, have been more fully investigated, and the results 

 on these (which have been published more in detail in Circular No. 12) may be taken as authoritative. With those 

 species of which only a small number of trees have been tested this can be claimed only within limits and iu 

 proportion to the number of tests. 



