THE TEMPORAL ARTRY. 253 



wards ; and passing between the nrieatus audltorus externus 

 and the condyle of the lower jaw, continues upwards, behind 

 the root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, to the 

 aponeurosis of the temporal muscle : on the outside of which, 

 immediately under the integuments, it divides into two large 

 branches denominated anterior and posterior. 



Before this division the temporal artery sends off several 

 branches of very different sizes. 



One, which is considerable in size, and called the Transverse 

 Facial Branch, advances forwards across the neck of the condyle 

 of the lower jaw, and through the substance of the parotid 

 gland, and giving small branches to the masseter, runs parallel 

 to the parotid duct, and below it. This branch is spent upon 

 the muscles of the face, and- anastomoses with the other vessels 

 of that part, the infra-orbital and facial arteries. 



The temporal gives off small branches tt) the parotid gland 

 and to the articulation of the jaw. From the last mentioned 

 branch small twigs pass to the ear, one of which enters the 

 cavity of the tympanum by the glenoid fissure. 



While this artery is on a line with the zygoma, it sends off a 

 branch called the middle temporal artery, which penetrates the 

 aponeurosis of the temporal muscle, and ramifies under it upon 

 the muscle, in an anterior direction. 



The two great branches of the temporal artery are dis- 

 tributed in the following manner. The Anterior passes up in 

 a serpentine direction on the anterior part of the temple, and 

 supplies the front side of the head and the upper part of the 

 forehead. 



The Posterior extends upwards and backwards, and supplies 

 the scalp on the lateral and middle part of the cranium, and also 

 the bone. 



Ramifications from each of these branches anastomose on 

 the upper part of the cranium with those of its fellow of the 

 opposite side. The anterior branch also anastomoses on 

 the forehead with the facial and ophthalmic arteries ; and the 

 posterior branch with the occiphal artery on the back part of 

 the head. 



VOL. II. 22 



